In the dialects of Japanese spoken in the city of Fukuoka, there are two ways in which the prosodic phonology of nouns differs from that of verbs and adjectives. First, verbs have an obligatory pitch accent, while nouns may be accented or unaccented. These dialects thus differ from dialects such as Tôkyô (McCawley 1968; Poser 1984), in which a word of any category may be either accented or unac...

the study of internal structure and functions of pronouns across languages can be useful for typological, theoretical as well as descriptive studies. personal pronouns in iranian languages and dialects have been investigated in the present study. the study has indicated that the pronouns are in clitic as well as free morphemes. the study also indicated that the languages and dialects benefit fr...

This study investigates the characteristics of the two major dialects of Japanese: Osaka and Tokyo dialects. We recorded the utterances of the speakers of both dialects, and analysed the differences that appear in the accentuation of the words at the phonetic-acoustic level. The Japanese words that are phonologically identical in both dialects were used as the analysis target. The results showe...

Do E.A. Meyer’s tonal word accents contours from the Swedish dialects provide a reliable basis for quantitative analysis? Measurements made on acute and grave tone-peaks in a number of dialects spoken in the province of Dalarna suggested that the timing of grave tonal peaks tended to vary systematically from south-east to north-west. The former dialects had relatively late and the latter relati...

Programming languages are enormously diverse, both in their essential concepts and in their accidental aspects. This creates a problem when teaching programming. To let students experience the diversity of essential concepts, the students must also be exposed to an overwhelming variety of accidental and irrelevant detail: the accidental differences between the languages are likely to obscure th...

In late Medieval Greek and many modern dialects, pronominal clitics are syntactically adjoined to an IP projection. In another set of dialects they have become syntactically adjoined to a verbal head. In the most innovating dialects (which include Standard Greek) they are agreement affixes. Extending the Fontana/Halpern clitic typology, we propose a trajectory of lexicalization from X clitics v...

We present, in this paper an Arabic multi-dialect study including dialects from both the Maghreb and the Middle-east that we compare to the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Three dialects from Maghreb are concerned by this study: two from Algeria and one from Tunisia and two dialects from Middle-east (Syria and Palestine). The resources which have been built from scratch have lead to a collection ...

In this work, automatic recognition of Arabic dialects is proposed. An acoustic survey of the proportion of vocalic intervals and the standard deviation of consonantal intervals in nine dialects (Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen, Golf’s Countries and Iraq) is performed using the platform Alize and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). The results show the complexity of the autom...

While it is has often been observed that the product of translation is somehow different than non-translated text, scholars have emphasized two distinct bases for such differences. Some have noted interference from the source language spilling over into translation in a source-language-specific way, while others have noted general effects of the process of translation that are independent of so...

the aim of the present paper is to study the status of the short vowels /i/ and /u/ in five selected iranian balochi dialects. these dialects are spoken in sistan (si), saravan (sa), khash (kh), iranshahr (ir), and chabahar (ch) regions located in province sistan va baluchestan in the southeast of iran. this study investigates whether these two vowels have the same qualities as the short /i/ an...