today, the route for economic development in most countries is the same as international open competitive economy. economic institutes well known that supportive public economy belonged on the past and they may compete in the global economy. it is obvious that if they have no competitive potency or not familiar with competition technique, they may be devastated. banking system aims to collect t...

recent years have witnessed an increased attention to form focused instruction and consciousness raising activities (ellis, 2002; doughty & williams, 1998) on the one hand and extensive and meaningful exposure to the target language (klapper & rees, 2003; day & bamford, 1998) on the other. due to significance attributed to above mentioned issues by scholars, this study attempted to bridge them ...

increasing academic and professional language demands around the world are not a deniable fact. the purpose of this study was to investigate english language needs and communication needs of the chemistry students at master and ph.d. levels at the iranian universities. in this research, different methods were used including un-structured interview, structured interview, and two sets of question...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the fire products treatments (heat, smoke and ash) on the density, species diversity, growth form and the life form of  the soil seed bank in the semi-steppe rangelands of the Karsanak region in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from the studied region and fire products treatments were applied to them...

abstract the aim of the present study is to explore the impact of the cognitive reading strategy instruction on learners reading self-efficacy and their reading achievement. in order to fulfill this purpose, from 120 participants, 90 intermediate efl learners as an experimental group were chosen from three different educational settings namely, yazd university, yazd science and art un...

Fluorescent pseudomonads are an effective source of biological control that have high adaptive power and able to produce a wonderful source of secondary metabolites. Antibiotics such as phenazines, diacetylphloroglucinol, and hydrogen cyanide are produced by certain taxonomic groups of the genus Pseudomonas and appear to be ancestral. These compounds often play a physiological role in the produ...

abstract this paper discusses several commonly used models for strategic marketing¹ including market environmental analysis methods (i.e. swot and pest analysis) and strategic marketing tools and techniques (i.e. boston matrix and shell directional policy matrix)and shows how these models may help a firm to achieve its strategic goals. at first, the main reason for doing this research is de...