Because microfloral content of stallion semen tends to be high, and strains may be resistant to commonly used antibiotics, amikacin was tested with stallion semen and compared with bull semen. Nine ejaculates to stallion semen were incubated at 37 C in egg yolk-tris extender for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h in the presence of amikacin concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1,000 and 10,000 microgram...

Amikacin is an important antibiotic, and its use is limited because of the induced nephrotoxicity. Thus, search for natural and synthetic agents that can moderate amikacin toxicity never stopped. The present study aims to investigate the possible ameliorative effects of virgin olive oil and olive leaf extract against the amikacin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. METHODS 48 rats were distributed...

background: drug utilization studies are helpful in understanding the current practice. we have conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the relevant use of a group of most commonly prescribed antibiotics in a teaching hospital in iran.  the results of this study may be of help for clinicians to improve the patient care. methods: patients who received parenteral ceftazidim, vancomycin and am...

Introduction: Intra-peritoneal infection is responsible for significant mortality in number of cases. Even after well-known side effects aminoglycosides are considered for prophylaxis and treatment of peritonitis. It is essential to start antibiotics as soon as infection sets in. The advantages of using amikacin are; it is broad spectrum, has increased efficacy when used singly or in combinatio...

Background and Objectives: The most common problems limiting the medical use of aminoglycosides have been the nephroand oto-toxicities as well as the increasing bacterial resistance. Encapsulation of drugs into liposomes enhances their efficacy while reducing their toxicities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of free and liposomal amikacin. Material and Methods: ...

Sch 20569 is a semisynthetic derivative of gentamicin with activity against many gentamicin-resistant gram-negative bacilli. We compared its bactericidal action with that of gentamicin and amikacin against 171 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sch 20569 and amikacin showed markedly greater activity than gentamicin against Escherichia col...

Netilmicin (Sch 20569), a semisynthetic aminoglycoside related to gentamicin C(1a), was evaluated in vitro in agar dilution testing against 224 different clinical isolates of gentamicin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in parallel with amikacin, gentamicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin. Netilmicin showed a very high degree of activity against gentamicin-resistant organisms, ...

To examine the influence of amikacin-induced acute renal damage on the urinary excretion of furosemide and the time-dependent variation in the urinary amount of the agent, amikacin (1.2 g/kg) was given intraperitoneally to Wistar rats. Study I: Three percent b.w. of 1% NaCl solution was given orally before and after amikacin treatment, and an 8-hour urine for N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NA...

IN a model of ventilated piglets with healthy lungs, we recently demonstrated a substantial deposition of nebulized amikacin into the distal lung. However, only half of the amount of amikacin available for the lungs was eliminated in the urine; the other half was either fixed in the lungs, eliminated by mucociliary clearance, or distributed in other organs. Consequently, consecutive daily nebul...

O-Demethylfortimicin A (compound A49759) was tested against 445 bacteria, and the results were compared with those obtained with fortimicin A, amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin. A49759 was found to be active and bactericidal against the Enterobacteriaceae, nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli, and Staphylococcus aureus. A49759 was two- to fourfold more active than for...