The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) establishes a framework for the protection and improvement of estuarine and coastal waters, trying to achieve 'good surface water status at the latest 15 years after the date of entry into force of this Directive'. One of the biological elements that should be analysed is the benthos and, as such, the WFD normative definitions describe the aspects of...

The need to assess the environmental status of marine and coastal waters according to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) encouraged the design of specific biotic indices to evaluate the response of benthic communities to human-induced changes in water quality. In the present study three of these indices, the traditional Shannon Wiener Index (H') and the more recently published AMBI (AZTI' M...

Software Requirements Specification (SRS) is considered a highly critical artifact in the software development. All phases development are influenced by this artifact. Defects requirements may higher risk of project overschedule that contributes to cost overrun project.Researchers have shown finding defects initial phase important becausethe bug cheaper if it fixed early. Hence, our main goal p...

Abstract Background It is known that aquaculture may produce negative environmental effects on marine ecosystems. Southern Chile one of the most important salmon and mussel-producing areas in world. Here we assess ecological status benthic communities near farming centers Caucahue Channel, Chiloe, which has been used intensely for mussel production 30 years. Methods The macrofauna, sediments wa...

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The chirality associated with broken time reversal symmetry in magnetically doped topological insulators has important implications to the quantum transport phenomena. Here we report anomalous Hall effect studies Mn- and Cr-doped Bi$_2$Te$_3$ varied thickness doping content. By tracing of loops, find that Mn-type clockwise is strengthened by reduction film thickness, which opposite Cr-type coun...