T cell antigen receptor δ (Tcrd) variable region exons are assembled by RAG-initiated V(D)J recombination events in developing γδ thymocytes. Here, we use linear amplification-mediated high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing (LAM-HTGTS) to map hundreds of thousands of RAG-initiated Tcrd D segment (Trdd1 and Trdd2) rearrangements in CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative thymocyte progenitors...

Debate exists about whether agricultural versus medical antibiotic use drives increasing antibiotic resistance (AR) across nature. Both sectors have been inconsistent at antibiotic stewardship, but it is unclear which sector has most influenced acquired AR on broad scales. Using qPCR and soils archived since 1923 at Askov Experimental Station in Denmark, we quantified four broad-spectrum β-lact...

The genomes of pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae strains are larger than that of Rd KW20 (Rd), the nonpathogenic laboratory strain whose genome has been sequenced. To identify potential virulence genes, we examined genes possessed by Int1, an invasive nonencapsulated isolate from a meningitis patient, but absent from Rd. Int1 was found to have a novel gene termed lav, predicted to encode a memb...

objective(s): acquisition of tnf-α resistance plays role in the onset and growth of malignant tumors. previous studies have demonstrated that mcf-7 cell line and its doxorubicin resistant variant mcf-7/adr are resistant against the cytotoxic effects of tnf-α. in this study, we investigated the role of akt activation in resistance of mcf-7 and mcf-7/adr against tnf-α cytotoxicity. materials and ...

background: this work aimed to show and compare the degradation time of some of cartilage extracellular matrix components using an in vitro model for cartilage degradation induced by interleukin-1 alpha. it is known that elucidation of molecular events under interleukin-1 alpha induction of bovine nasal cartilage could obtain useful data to understand more about involving mechanisms for tissue ...

Brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. is the main disease of stone fruits. Our research aimed to identify an appropriate strategy control plum brown and reduce fungicides residues in fruit through targeted application biocontrol agents (BCAs) Papiliotrema terrestris Bacillus subtilis, alone or combination with synthetic fungicides. The following treatments were evaluated: Biological (BIO1, BIO2), ...

A total of 310 Salmonella isolates were isolated from 6 broiler farms in Eastern China, serotyped according to the Kauffmann-White classification. All isolates were examined for susceptibility to 17 commonly used antimicrobial agents, representative isolates were examined for resistance genes and class I integrons using PCR technology. Clonality was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresi...

The candidiasis caused by C. albicans is a public health problem. The abuse of antifungals has contributed to the development of resistance. B. morelensis has demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities. In this work the activity of the essential oil of B. morelensis was evaluated and for its two pure compounds with analysis of the different mechanisms of pathogenesis important for C. ...