Computer scientists use formal verification to attempt to provide guarentees to the users of software about the run time characteristics of a given program. Verification techniques today often require a TCB or Trusted Code Base which due to time or effort constraints, the authors were not able to prove correct. When bugs occure in these pieces, they break down the strong guarentees of formal ve...

I antropologiska studier av islamisk bön har den vädjande, åkallande och relativt informella du?a-bönen ägnats markant mindre uppmärksamhet än salat dhikr. Denna artikel bidrar till studiet muslimsk fromhet genom en analys hur ideal praktik rörande privat du?a kan konstituera ett annorlunda bedjande subjekt jämfört med de praktiker som kopplas salat. Artikeln analyserar två föreläsningar danska...

Rapid advances in networking technologies and the explosive growth of the Internet in recent years have increasingly raised the heterogeneity issue (in end-users processing capabilities and access bandwidth) for transmission of visual information. The traditional approach of providing multiple bitstreams, each tailored for one class of decoding requirements to address the heterogeneity issue is...

Humanity has received divine guidance through two channels: the word of Allah and the prophets who were chosen by Him to communicate His will to humanity These channels have always functioned together, and if one is ignored or neglected, the will of Allah cannot be known with any degree of accuracy. The Hindus neglected their prophets and focused all of their attention on their books, which pro...

Kıraat ilmi, kur'an-ı Kerim'e hizmet eden büyük ilimlerdendir. Kerim'in anlamı ve sırlarını çözmede rol oynar. kıraatlerin bir kısmı bize tevatür yoluyla ulaşıp, sıhhati yönünden ulemalarca kabul görmüştür. Bizlere aktarılan bu kıraatler namazda namaz dışında okunur. Bir da bizlere ahâd veya Kur'an'a ya arapça'ya aykırı yollarla ulaşmıştır. Bu kıraat türü şaz olarak adlandırılır. ibadette, Kur'...

Islam permits the consumption of meat of halal animals/birds, only when these have been slaughtered in the prescribed manner. This involves, while reciting the name of Allah, making a quick incision on the front of the neck to cut carotid arteries, jugular veins, windpipe and oesophagus. The prerequisites include laying the animal on its left flank, preferably facing towards Kibla. This enables...