We discuss issues concerning M(atrix) theory compactifications on curved spaces. We argue from the form of the graviton propagator on curved space that excited string states do not decouple from the annulus D0-brane v amplitude, unlike the flat space case. This argument shows that a large class of quantum mechanical systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom cannot reproduce supergravit...

We discuss issues concerning (M)atrix model compactifications on curved spaces. We argue from the form of the graviton propagator on curved space that excited string states do not decouple from the annulus D0-brane v amplitude, unlike the flat space case. This argument shows that a large class of quantum mechanical systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom cannot reproduce supergravity...

ALE and Taub-NUT (or ALF) hyper-Kahler four-manifolds can be naturally constructed as hyper-Kahler quotients. In the ALE case, this construction has long been understood in terms of D-branes; here we give a D-brane derivation in the Taub-NUT case. Likewise, instantons on ALE spaces and on Taub-NUT spaces have ADHM-like constructions related to hyper-Kahler quotients. Here we refine the analysis...

INTRODUCTION While the anti-resorptive effects of the bisphosphonates (BPs) are well documented, many questions remain about their mechanisms of action, particularly following long-term use. This study evaluated the effects of alendronate (Ale) treatment on TGF-β1 signaling in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteocytes, and the relationship between prolonged alendronate treatment on systemic ...

BACKGROUND Chronic stress contributes to the development of brain disorders, such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Oxidative damage is well known as a causative factor for pathogenic process in brain tissues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of a 30% ethanol extract of Aquilariae Lignum (ALE) in repeated stress-induced hippocampal oxidative injury. ...

MOTIVATION Researchers need general purpose methods for objectively evaluating the accuracy of single and metagenome assemblies and for automatically detecting any errors they may contain. Current methods do not fully meet this need because they require a reference, only consider one of the many aspects of assembly quality or lack statistical justification, and none are designed to evaluate met...

BACKGROUND A new treatment strategy is to target specific areas of the skeletal system that are prone to clinically significant osteoporotic fractures. We term this strategy as the "local treatment of osteoporosis". The study was performed to investigate the effect of alendronate-loaded calcium phosphate cement (CPC) as a novel drug delivery system for local treatment of osteoorosis. METHODS ...

There is growing evidence that nerve growth factor (NGF) may function as a mediator of persistent pain states. We have identified a novel nonpeptidic molecule, ALE-0540, that inhibits the binding of NGF to tyrosine kinase (Trk) A or both p75 and TrkA (IC50 5.88 +/- 1. 87 microM, 3.72 +/- 1.3 microM, respectively), as well as signal transduction and biological responses mediated by TrkA receptor...

Both the heart sound and lung sound are produced within the almost same region of the human body. Heart sound makes severe interference while hearing the lung sound for the diagnosis purpose. So the separation of these sounds is very important for a accurate diagnosis. A special Advanced Line Enhancer (ALE), employing the strength of Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) is used in this paper. The S...