Effects of wiping copper-alloyed stainless steel surfaces with disinfectants to remove protein surface contaminants and re-establish their antibacterial activities were quantitatively studied. Disinfectants used were sodium hypochlorite aqueous solutions and ethyl alcohol aqueous solutions. Wiping with NaOCl aqueous solutions effectively removed protein surface contaminants. Ethyl alcohol aqueo...

In hair beauty treatments such as permanent waving and hair coloring, and in daily treatments using shampoo and hair conditioner, most of the hair care products are used under wet conditions. Therefore, it is important to understand how water-soluble products penetrate into hair. The structural information of hair in aqueous solutions seems essential for understanding the penetration mechanism....

Background and Objectives: Hand hygiene is a crucial measure for preventing healthcare-related infections. Surgical scrub is an important factor in the safety and success of a surgical operation. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate effectiveness of some conventional surgical antiseptic solutions, and to identify the most effective one. Methods: Effectiveness of alcohol-based sol...

the modified nrtl (m-nrtl) model is used to represent the excess gibbs free energy of aqueous (alcohol + electrolyte) solutions. in this work, the m-nrtl model previously developed for representation of vapor-liquid equilibria for (polymer + salt + water) systems has been extended to represent liquid-liquid equilibria of (alcohol + salt + water) systems. the proposed extension is a modified of ...

background: this review was performed to evaluate the trend of alcohol use, characteristics of consumers, alcohol use disorders and toxic alcohol intoxications in bangladesh. in addition, sources and sales figures of alcoholic beverages, and number of legal permits issued for alcohol consumption are reported and analyzed. methods: a narrative search was performed on available medical literature...

Hand sanitizers are effective and inexpensive products that can reduce microorganisms on the skin, but ingestion or improper use can be associated with health risks. Many hand sanitizers contain up to 60%-95% ethanol or isopropyl alcohol by volume, and are often combined with scents that might be appealing to young children. Recent reports have identified serious consequences, including apnea, ...

conclusions we recommend interventional plans based gender aimed at improving adolescent health with regard substance abuse. objective for determining the prevalence of alcohol and other substance use as well as the factors associated with the experience of alcohol use in adolescents. patients and methods this is a population-based and cross-sectional study, which was conducted in august 2010 o...

To evaluate and compare the solubility and sorption of orthodontic bonding cements after immersion in different solutions, five different cements were used: a fluoride-containing resin composite, a light-cured glass ionomer cement, a light-cured resin composite, a paste-paste chemically cured resin composite, and a liquid-paste chemically cured resin composite. Five different solutions were emp...