Graphical visualization has demonstrated enormous power in helping people to understand complexity in many branches of science. But, curiously, AI has been slow to pick up on the power of visualization. Alar is a visualization system intended to help people understand and control symbolic inference. Alar presents dynamically controllable node-and-arc graphs of concepts, and of assertions both s...

A description is presented of Lutzomyia tolimensis sp. nov., a new species of the subgenus Helcocyrtomyia, series sanguinaria. It was collected in dwellings, peridomestic environment and in nearby forest patches located in the foothills of the Andean Central Cordillera, where in 2004-2006 occurred the largest epidemic ever recorded of leishmaniasis in Colombia. The male of this species is diffe...

BACKGROUND Lateral crural strut graft has been used in rhinoplasty to correct deformities such as bulbous nasal tip, lateral crus malposition, alar retraction, collapsed external valve, lateral crus concavity, and alar deformity after domal suture. Despite its widespread use, the lateral crural strut graft has not been the subject of studies that show its benefits objectively and statistically....

BACKGROUND In critically ill patients, clinicians can have difficulty obtaining accurate oximetry measurements. OBJECTIVE To compare the accuracy of nasal alar and forehead sensor measurements and incidence of pressure injury. METHODS 43 patients had forehead and nasal alar sensors applied. Arterial samples were obtained at 0, 24, and 120 hours. Oxygen saturations measured by co-oximetry we...

Primary surgical correction of cleft-lip nose deformity is now well accepted. Despite various surgical techniques proposed, perfect nasal symmetry has not been persistently attained. The main reason is that the maxillary deficiency is frequently overlooked.This paper presents 62 cases of unilateral cleft lip repaired over the last 20 years by using the author's modification of the Millard prima...

Dallas, Texas Background: Projection of the nasal tip is a complex problem that often mandates attention during rhinoplasty. Occasionally, the goal is to decrease tip projection. Most published solutions to this problem involve division or manipulation of the lower lateral cartilages, although objective data on the efficacy of these techniques are limited. This study reviews a series of rhinopl...

BACKGROUND The nasal ala is an attractive site for pulse oximetry because of perfusion by branches of the external and internal carotid arteries. We evaluated the accuracy of a novel pulse oximetry sensor custom designed for the nasal ala. METHODS After IRB approval, healthy non-smoking subjects [n=12; aged 28 (23-41) yr; 6M/6F] breathed hypoxic mixtures of fresh gas by a facemask to achieve ...

In full-thickness defects of the nasal alar rim, to achieve projection and maintain airway patency, cartilage graft is frequently needed. However, cartilage graft presents a challenge in considerations such as appropriate donor site, skeletal shape and size, and healing of the donor area. To avoid these demerits, we tried primary closure of alar rim defects by also making the contralateral norm...

BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to generate data for the S1 and S2 alar pedicle and body and the alar orientations for both dysmorphic and normal sacra. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised two groups: Group N consisted of 53 normal sacra and Group D included 10 dysmorphic sacra. Various features such as alar pedicle circumference; anterior, middle, and posterior axis of the sacral ala; ...