This paper reports the design of a Ka-band Equilateral triangular patch antenna (ETPA) fabricated using postCMOS and post-MMIC compatible process technology. The antenna uses an air-cavity underneath the patch radiator that is supported on thin dielectric membrane. The antenna structure was analysed and optimised using the finite element method (FEM) based Agilent High Frequency Structure Simul...

The Roof Savings Calculator (www.roofcalc.com) provides the general public with a web-based program for calculating the energy savings of different roofing and attic systems on four different building types (residential, office, retail, and warehouse) in 239 US TMY2 locations. The core simulation engine of the RSC is doe2attic, which couples the AtticSim program developed by Oak Ridge National ...

Thermal performance assessment and optimization for energy conversion utilization systems are of high significance in building efficiency. Generally speaking, the evaluation actual thermodynamic system is mainly based on First law thermodynamics, with emphasis quantity consumption, while ignoring quality. Thus, it results a one-sided analysis saving. In this paper, electricity equivalent used t...

Industrial building rehabilitation is one the latest trends within the field of sustainable development. However, these interventions often disregard the issue of user comfort, despite being the most important factor of energy efficiency. This work deals with the assessment of the indoor thermal conditions of a restored industrial building, considering not only air temperature but also mean rad...

Shading the greenhouses is necessary in summer to reduce the solar radiation load. This however generates a considerable amount of thermal radiation heat load that needs to be removed via cooling systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different shading configurations on the solar and thermal radiation in a greenhouse. Nets at four different locations were employed to shade the roof...

A meso-channel parallel flow heat exchanger could be used as a radiator for fuel cell vehicles to dissipate waste heat from a fuel cell stack (FCS) to cooling air. Working fluid in tube-side channels was 50% glycol–water mixture. An experiment was conducted on an FCS radiator PFHX A with 2.685 mm hydraulic diameter meso-channels. The influences of condition parameters were analyzed. The critica...

This thesis looked at the effect of clay and silt soil blocking the heat transfer area of the radiator and its effect on the engine coolant through the conduct of experiments and a mathematical model developed. The results indicated that the percentage area covered resulted in a proportional increase of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the coolant in the radiator. The mathematically mode...

Abstract The paper deals with the problem of enhancement cooling recycled water in industry. authors developed a new design hybrid tower fill pack consisting inclined-corrugated contact plates and tube radiator. flow during process flows inside radiator to avoid direct air, preventing biofouling process. In addition, external surface is modified by finning for heat transfer intensification. pur...

Green roof technology is recognized for mitigating stormwater runoff and energy consumption. Methods to overcome the cost gap between green roofs and conventional roofs were recently quantified by incorporating air quality benefits. This study investigates the impact of scaling on these benefits at the city-wide scale using Washington, DC as a test bed because of the proposed targets in the 20-...

The present work is focused on the Graphene-based nanofluids with high thermal conductivity which helps to improve performance and enhance heat transfer. systems emphasis fluid coolant selection statistical model. Graphene a super-material, lighter than air, conductivity, chemical stability. purpose of research up Nanofluids i.e., (G) oxide (GO). Nanoparticles are dispersed in base 60:40 ratio ...