objective: peripheral arterial disease (pad) is a state characterized by atherosclerotic occlusive disease of lower extremities. diabetes is the main risk factor for pad. material and methods: to assess the prevalence of pad, a cross sectional study was performed on 352 diabetic patients who referred to yazd diabetes research center from 2007 to 2010. vascular assessment was done by measuring t...

introduction: careful planning on health care may prevent the spread of disease and reduce the expense for treatment. regarding the importance of health care in the clinical centers including physiotherapy clinics, this study was designed to investigate the rate of bacterial contamination of electrotherapy’s pads which use in the physiotherapy clinics of semnan university of medical sciences (i...

In this study, volatile urinary components were collected using three different types of samples from patients suffering from urinary incontinence (UI): (1) urine (A); (2) urine + non-used pad (B); and (3) urine + used pad (C). In addition, urine + non-used pad (D) samples from non-patients were also collected as a reference. The collection of urinary volatiles was conducted with the aid of a g...

The research summarized in this paper will help to address some of the issues associated with solder paste mass reflow assembly of 0201 components. Attachment pad design, stencil design, component to component spacing, component orientation, flux type, and solder paste reflow atmosphere were the major variables researched during the project. The two major responses from the experimentation were...

patients  with  primary  antibody  deficiencies  (pad)  are  susceptible  to  recurrent  and chronic infections and a variety of complications. this study was performed to assess quality of life (qol) of pad patients who were under long term treatment and regular follow-up.thirty six adults with proved diagnosis of pad, who had received regular intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy, we...

every year large amounts of grapes are stores in normal and cold rooms to offer off-season of grapes to the market which based on several reasons their quality and weight greatly decreases. therefore, in order to decrease the post harvest losses of grapes and selection of suitable cultivars for long time storage, this study was conducted in two experiments, one in a factorial experiment based o...

Key Points  Loss or injury of pad tissue, despite an otherwise normal limb, can result in complete loss of limb function, so preserving pad function is critical for most small animals.  Skin around the pad may in some cases be able to adapt to function similar to pad tissue but it is generally accepted that adjacent skin is not a suitable replacement for lost pad tissue, particularly in activ...