OBJECTIVES This study examined whether levels of chronic illness predict enhanced feelings of loneliness in older adulthood. In addition, it investigated whether engagement in health-related self-protection (e.g., positive reappraisals), but not in health engagement control strategies (e.g., investment of time and effort), would buffer the adverse effect of chronic illness on older adults' feel...

background: the surveillance of adverse events following immunization (aefi) is essential to improve high standard of vaccine safety, and maintain public trust in immunization programs. this study aimed to determine the aefi and their related factors in children. materials and methods: this cross-sectional study including all children under 7- year of age, in hamadan province, the west of iran,...

Introduction: Millions of Muslims across the world observe Islamic fasting during the holy month of Ramadan, as well as the other specific dates in the lunar calendar year. While fasting during this month, Muslims refrain from eating or drinking from dawn to dusk. Islamic fasting is similar to alternate day fasting (ADF) since it incorporates an average of 12 hours of fasting and 12 hours of fe...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of dietary supplements has increased in Japan, and, as a consequence, the adverse events associated with dietary supplement use have become more prominent. Severe adverse events must be reported to the Japanese government via public health centers. However, the number of cases reported to the Japanese government is limited. To clarify this discrepancy, we conducted an ...

background corticosteroids are used to induce remission in auto-immune hepatitis. they are not universally effective; therefore, alternative treatments are needed. in this study cysclosporine-a has been compared with prednisolone as an alternative treatment in a randomized controlled trial. this paper is an interim analysis of an ongoing clinical trial. methods sixteen years and older consentin...

We estimate the short and long term effect of maternal and paternal death on children’s school enrolment, education attainment, and health in Indonesia, then compare it to the effect of chronic poverty. We also investigate whether there are any gender dimensions on the effects. Using a sufficiently long-spanning longitudinal dataset, we find that young maternal orphans have worse educational ou...

MRI workers are occupationally exposed to static and time-varying gradient magnetic fields.  While the 24-hour time-averaged exposure to static magnetic fields is about a few mT, the maximum static field strength can be as high as 500 mT during patient setup. Over the past several years, our laboratory has performed extensive experiments on the health effects of exposure of animal models and h...

BACKGROUND Although most community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes are voluntary, problem of adverse selection is hardly studied. Evidence on the impact of targeted subsidies on adverse selection is completely missing. This paper investigates adverse selection in a CBHI scheme in Burkina Faso. First, we studied the change in adverse selection over a period of 4 years. Second, we studied t...

BACKGROUND Existence or non-existence of adverse selection in insurance market is one of the important cases that have always been considered by insurers. Adverse selection is one of the consequences of asymmetric information. Theory of adverse selection states that high-risk individuals demand the insurance service more than low risk individuals do. METHODS The presence of adverse selection ...

BACKGROUND Adequate record keeping of medication adverse events in electronic health records systems is important for patient safety. Events that remain unrecorded cannot be communicated from one health professional to another. In the absence of a gold standard, we investigate the variation between Dutch general practices in the extent to which they record medication adverse events. METHODS D...