Vaccine adjuvants are chemicals, microbial components, or mammalian proteins that enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens. Interest in reducing vaccine-related adverse effects and inducing specific types of immunity has led to the development of numerous new adjuvants. Adjuvants in development or in experimental and commercial vaccines include aluminum salts (alum), oil emulsions, sapon...

purpose: to investigate tear function in acne vulgaris patients who were treated with isotretinoin (accutane). methods: in this prospective clinical study, patients who were scheduled for isotretinoin (accutane) therapy for two months underwent complete eye examination.the best corrected visual acuity measurement, careful slit lamp examination of anterior segment, evaluation of break-up-time an...

hepatic toxicity is the most serious adverse effect of anti tuberculosis drugs. this study was performed to evaluate efficacy of silymarin as a hepatoprotective herbal agent. in a randomized double blind clinical trial 70 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into two groups. the intervention group was assigned to receive silymarin and the control group received placebo. tuberculosis...

background the involved neurotransmitter pathways in the postoperative shivering (pos) are poorly understood. recently, 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-ht3) receptor antagonists have been reported to prevent pos. we investigated the effect of ondansetron, a 5-ht3 antagonist that is used to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting, on shivering. objectives this study aimed to compare the efficacy of ond...

Cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. Several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. Cancer vaccines induce pe...

cancer immunotherapy (passive or active) involves treatments which promote the ability of the immune system to fight tumor cells. several types of immunotherapeutic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-specific immunomodulatory agents, and cancer vaccines are currently under intensive investigation in preclinical and clinical trials. cancer vaccines induce pe...