The National Survey of Adoptive Parents (NSAP) was the first largescale population survey of adopted children that was nationally representative of all adopted children in the United States, including children of all adoption types: children adopted internationally, children adopted from the foster care system, and children adopted through private domestic avenues. This new resource represents ...

Modern research has found strong links between family structure and children’s outcomes. One of the robust findings is that stepchildren and adopted children have worse adult outcomes compared to biological children. However, we know very little about how non-biological children fared historically. In this study, by linking adopted children across U.S. federal censuses in the first half of the ...

The implications of adoption for the emotional and behavioral adjustment of children have been an issue in child welfare for many years. Past research has suggested that adopted children are over-represented in mental health settings. In addition, some studies have suggested that adopted and nonadopted children differ on measures of social, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive functioning. The ...