primarily opioidergic and adenosine mechanisms are considered to be involved in the antinociceptive effects of antidepressants. this study was designed to determine the efficacy of acute venlafaxine administration in alleviating symptoms of neuropathic pain and the role of endogenous adenosine and opioid systems in this effect of venlafaxine. we have evaluated the effect of caffeine, a non-sele...

Primarily opioidergic and adenosine mechanisms are considered to be involved in the antinociceptive effects of antidepressants. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of acute venlafaxine administration in alleviating symptoms of neuropathic pain and the role of endogenous adenosine and opioid systems in this effect of venlafaxine. We have evaluated the effect of caffeine, a non-sele...

Although very common, the precise mechanisms that explain symptomatology of neuroendocrine syncope (NES) remain poorly understood. This disease, which can be incapacitating, manifests itself as a drop in blood pressure secondary to vasodilation and/or extreme slowing heart rate. As studies continue, involvement adenosinergic system is becoming increasingly evident. Adenosine, an ATP derivative,...

Primarily opioidergic and adenosine mechanisms are considered to be involved in the antinociceptive effects of antidepressants. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of acute venlafaxine administration in alleviating symptoms of neuropathic pain and the role of endogenous adenosine and opioid systems in this effect of venlafaxine. We have evaluated the effect of caffeine, a non-sele...

The adenosinergic system is involved in many important physiological functions. Adenosine exerts its extracellular effects through four types of G-protein-coupled receptors: A(1), A(2A), A(2B) and A(3). Adenosine acts as an important regulator of metabolic processes. In the brain adenosine mediates prominent neuroprotective functions via the adenosine A(1) receptor. Whereas the pharmacological ...

Introduction:Adenosine as a potent vasodilator has physiological role in regulation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Metod: Laser-Dِoppler flowmetry technique was used to study pial vessels blood flow responses to adenosine receptors agonists and antagonist. Male Sprague Dawley rats (250-350g) that were housed in standard conditions, were anesthetized with Urethane (1.5g/kg). Adenosine ...

Abbreviations: A1R: Adenosine A1 Receptor; A2AR: Adenosine A2A Receptor; A2BR: Adenosine A2B Receptor; A3R: Adenosine A3 Receptor; Cpd: Compound; D2R: Dopamine D2 Receptor; Emax: Efficacy; gp: Guinea-pig; GPCR: G-Protein Coupled Receptor; h: Human; H1R: Histamine H1 Receptor; H3R: Histamine H3 Receptor; r: rat; 5-HT1AR: Serotonine 5-HT1A Receptor; βR: β-Adrenergic Receptors; β2R: Adrenergic β2 ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS A(3) adenosine receptor mediates apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells via diverse signaling pathways. The present study was conducted to assess A(3) adenosine receptor-mediated apoptosis in human bladder cancer cell lines and to understand the underlying mechanism. METHODS Human bladder cancer cell lines such as 253J, 5637, KK-47, TCCSUP, T24, and UMUC-3 cells were cultured....