-The aim of this research was to compare the ego strength of addicted and non addicted people. The sample size of 200 men (100 addicts+ 100 non addicts) living in Karaj and Tehran cities of Islamic Republic of Iran that was selected through the availability sampling. To collect data, a 52-item BESS (Barrons ego strength scale) questionnaire was used. Averages and t test were applied as statisti...

What is addiction? Some people become addicted to opioids. The more you take, the more likely this is to happen. Here are some signs of being addicted: • Taking more of the medicine than your doctor prescribed • Saving it up and taking a lot at once • Taking it to feel good • Spending a lot of time and effort to get more of the medicine • Taking the medicine gets you in trouble at work or in yo...

Overeating in obese individuals shares similarities with the loss of control and compulsive drug taking behavior observed in drug-addicted subjects. The mechanism of these behaviors is not well understood. Our prior studies with positron emission tomography (PET) in drug-addicted subjects documented reductions in striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptors. In pathologically obese subjects, we found re...

Received: June 04, 2014 Accepted: August 06, 2014 Published: August 08, 2014 Abstract This study aimed to investigate the impact of Internet addiction on psychiatric symptoms among Greek university undergraduate students. The study was conducted among 1324 students. Participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test and Symptom Checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R). Que...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are common infections among prisoners. Addicted prisoners are at a higher risk than the normal population for contracting these diseases. Many studies have reported higher prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, and HIV in prisoners. Because of this problem, this study was conducted to evaluate th...

BACKGROUND Previous results proved that simultaneous effect of tobacco smoke constituents and alcohol consumption may change toxicity of these substances and have a greater effect on hepatic and pancreatic disease and cancer risk. The aim of this study was to investigate hepatocyte and pancreatic cells regeneration after tobacco and/or ethanol treatment. METHODS In the study, four groups of r...

By attempting to quit and seeking help from others, you've already taken a remarkable first step in the direction of change. For those who may be unfamiliar, methadone is a synthetic opioid drug that is commonly used to treat narcotic or opiate addiction (such as heroin). Regardless of whether you started taking methadone to treat a drug addiction, pain, or for recreational purposes, it can be ...

example is inflammation: perhaps the simplest form of pathology. It has well defined characteristics which, for many of the old continent, were described in latin: rubor, tumor, calor, dolor, and functio lesa. When these characteristics are present, the pathology/disease can be diagnosed. If it occurs in the lung it will indicate pneumonia, in the kidney nephritis etc. Likewise, a brain chronic...

BACKGROUND Although the triggering role of both opium use and elevated plasma homocysteine level for progressing atherosclerosis and, therefore, appearing coronary heart disease has been clearly determined, no study are available with respect to the relation between these to risk profiles. In the present study and for the first time, we hypothesized that the opium addiction can be potentially c...

Temperate people were naturally contrasted with the intemperate. Thus, there was “intemperance as to strong liquours [13]” as well as “given to the intemperate use of malt and spirituous liquours [14].” There was also the generalized description concerning “an intemperate man [15].” Intemperance was described in a woman who “had been for many years a notorious dram-drinker [16].” Scarpa [17] no...