Although periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease but some factors of acute inflammation phase are involved in this disease among which is the C-Reactive protein (CRP). To minimize its effects, anti-inflammatory drugs or non-pharmacological approaches such as oral hygiene is recommended. CRP can also be used for the prediction and early detection of periodontal disease. The aim of the pr...

Necrotizing gingival disorders are rare conditions of the gingival tissues. Patients typically present with severe discomfort, halitosis, bleeding, and ulcerated oral tissues. This condition will typically present in patients who are under psychological stress, malnourished, and/or who are immunosuppressed. This case report will present a patient with acute ulcerative necrotizing gingivitis (AN...

The increase in the prevalence on childhood cancer and widespread use of chemotherapy in many patients leads to an increase the risk of oral infection in children. Short-term effects of cancer treatment are oral mucositis and glossitis, xerostomia, intra-oral infections, acute ascending sialadentitis and gingivitis. This article presents the need of oncology protocol modifications such as an ea...

INTRODUCTION Gingivitis is a frequent inflammatory process of the gum tissue that is mainly caused by the accumulation of plaque. The immune response against inflammatory processes is regulated in part by cytokines. AIMS Given that a continuous inflammation exists in gingivitis, it would be logical to assume that the interleukins will be altered locally in those patients. Therefore, the aim o...

Periodontium consist of cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The term periodontitis/periodontal disease represent a group of disease that affects the surrounding and supporting tissues of teeth. Periodontal disease can be broadly classified as gingival diseases (gingivitis) and periodontitis. Gingivitis presents as inflammation of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth and is charac...

Current knowledge of the microbial composition of dental plaque in early gingivitis is based largely on microscopy and cultural methods, which do not provide a comprehensive description of oral microbial communities. This study used 454-pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 region of 16S rRNA genes (approximately 500 bp), and bacterial culture, to characterize the composition of plaque during the transit...

Desquamative gingivitis is a clinical term to describe red, painful, glazed and friable gingivae which may be a manifestation of some mucocutaneous conditions such as lichen planus or the vesiculobullous disorders. It is important to be aware of this rare clinical entity so as to distinguish desquamative gingivitis from plaque induced gingivitis which is an extremely common condition, easily re...

Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most abundant gram-negative bacilli colonizing the subgingival plaque and closely associated with periodontal disease. However it is unclear whether F. nucleatum is involved in gingival inflammation under orthodontic appliance. A novel adhesin, FadA, which is unique to oral Fusobacteria, is required for F. nucleatum binding and invasion to epithelial cells ...

Objective This study analyzed the incidence of Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in samples of dental biofilm and saliva from patients with gingivitis / periodontitis and in healthy subjects. Methods Biofilm and saliva samples were taken from 20 patients with gingivitis, 22 with periodontitis and 9 healthy individuals. They were spread on sterile Petri dishes, diluted with saline and e...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the key enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, are derived from polymorphonuclear leukocytes during the early stages of periodontitis. The present study determined the levels of GCF matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and salivary MMP-8 in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis and in healthy controls. Levels of crevicula...