نتایج جستجو برای: activation receptor

تعداد نتایج: 919194  

F. Karami-Tehrani

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxicity/apoptotic effect of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine, cladribine, (2-CdA) in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB468 (estrogen receptor negative, ER−). MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide] assay, annexin V-Fluorescein/PI and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect cytotoxicity and cell apopto...

Amin Afsahi, Hadi Aligholi, Hadi Kazemi, Mostafa Modarres Mousavi, Sajad Sahab Negah, Shahin Mohammad Sadeghi , Zabihollah Khaksar,

Adenosine acts as neuromodulator in the brain, which its involvement in a wide range of brain processes and diseases has been studied, such as epilepsy, sleep, anxiety, panic disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Adenosine receptors have been detected: A1R, A2AR (A2AR), A2BR, and A3R. A1R and A2R inhibit cAMP production, while A2AR and A2BR stimulate cAMP product...

Journal: :Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2009

Journal: :The American Journal of Pathology 2013

In this study the effect of adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists on physostigmine induced yawning was investigated. Intraperitoneal injection of different doses of physostigmine (0.03, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) caused yawning in white rats. The greatest response was seen at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg physostigmine. Phenylephrine, an α1 agonist, and clonidine, an α2 agonist, led to a decrease in...

Journal: :medical journal of islamic republic of iran 0
mohammad-reza zarrindast from the department of pharmacology, faculty of medicine, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, islamic republic of iran. yadollah khalenabi mohammad hossein pourgholami

intraperitoneal (ip) injection of bupropion (3,6, amine (4,16 mg kg•&apos;) induced dose-dependent climbing in mice. the climbing response induced by both drugs were decreased in animals pretreated either with the 0-1 antagonist sch 233<)0 or the 0-2 antagonist sulpiride. the α-adrenoceptor blocker phenoxybenzamine decreased the climbing induced by both bupropion and amphetamine, but the β-adre...

Journal: :Journal of Immunology 2023

Abstract Biologics targeting multiple pathways and/or cell types simultaneously have the potential to restore normal immune homeostasis. Inhibitory checkpoint receptor agonism by antibodies benefits from higher order clustering for strong activation, which can be achieved antibody Fc binding gamma receptors (FcγRs). However, many of current agonist non discriminately bind activating FcγRs. This...

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this study examined the effect of prior knowledge and vocabulary teaching on iranian efl learners listening comprehension. the current study has two purposes: one is to investigate the effect of background knowledge on the second language listening comprehension of iranian intermediates and the other is to determine whether second language is facilitated by the introduction of unknown vocabularies in the form of prelistening activities. to conduct the study different instruments such as listening proficiency test and four listening tests such as pre and posttests were used and various statistical processes and techniques including paired-sample t-test, and analysis of variance (anova) were used. the findings of this study supported all three hypotheses tested. differences were found between the means of preteaching vocabulary variable, the background knowledge activation variable, and mean difference between these two strategies variable. subjects scored higher when the unknown words were taught in advance. likewise, subjects scored higher when they were asked some relevant questions about the topic than on those without them. there was, in addition, a significant difference between the means of preteaching vocabulary strategy and background knowledge activation strategy. in fact, preteaching vocabulary had a better effect in enhancing the students’ listening comprehension, in comparison to background knowledge activation strategy.

پایان نامه :دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1390

this thesis attempts to investigate the effects of prelistening activities on enhancing iranian efl learners` listening comprehension. the present study investigated ways in which learners` background knowledge could be activated in order to enhance their l2 listening comprehension by limiting the number of possible text interpretations prior to listening. the experiments conducted in this stud...

Journal: :Journal of Biological Chemistry 2002

Ali Nasimi, Masoumeh Hatam,

Introduction: We previously shown that microinjection of glutamate into the hDB of rat elicited cardiovascular depressive responses. Microinjection of AP5 (an NMDA receptor antagonist, 2.5 mM, 50 nl) and CNQX (an AMPA receptor antagonist, 1 mM, 50 nl) caused no significant changes in the blood pressure and heart rate. Microinjection of bicuculline (BMI: a GABAA receptor antagonist, 1 mM, 50...

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