Much research in the last several decades has examined the social, political, and economic factors that predict terrorism, yet to date, there has been little attention to cultural factors and their relationship to terrorism. We present findings from the Global Terrorism Database showing how numerous cultural dimensions identified in the cultural psychology literature relate to over 80,000 terro...

Women have continued to experience the worst consequences of all types of conflicts. It is in no doubt going by results from numerous past research efforts. For Example the case of the Kenya woman is no different and stark reality of the circumstances has brought into sharp focus in the PEV 2007/2008 triggered where 1300 people lost their lives, thousands injured, more than 500,000 displaced an...

This paper describes a class of rater effects that depict rater-by-time interactions. We refer to this class of rater effects as DRIFT differential rater functioning over time. This article describes several types of DRIFT (primacy/recency, differential centrality/extremism, and practice/fatigue) and Rasch measurement procedures designed to identify these types of DRIFT in rating data. These pr...

nuremberg and tokyo courts as first international criminal courts were established by allies when there were not international regulations regarding the accused rights. but post war, effective steps were taken in this regard. at global and regional levels, a variety of documents have noted this matter detailed and also measures have been considered such as human rights committee of united natio...

according to plantinga’s reformed epistemology, as perceptual beliefs, religious beliefs are properly basic, and therefore need no additional justification. but as it has been said frequently, this idea may lead to relativism. in this paper, first, we argue that not only its relativistic aspect allows for religious extremism, but also it could be used to justify that kind of extremism. then, re...

This paper draws upon the findings of an evaluation of “More than a Game”, a sport-focused youth mentoring program in Melbourne, Australia that aimed to develop a community-based resilience model using team-based sports to address issues of identity, belonging, and cultural isolation amongst young Muslim men in order to counter forms of violent extremism. In this essay we focus specifically on ...

The five acts of jihadist violence between 2012–2020, particularly the 2015 Paris attacks, combined with an increasingly polarized political discourse in France, have pushed extremism to center government policy and public opinion. Approaches last decade comprised two characteristics: claims amalgamating Islam Muslim religious practice—especially its stricter forms—with extremist violence, alon...