Introduction: Regarding the anatomic variety in the anterior mandible it is necessary to obtain adequate information about the vital structures in this area to protect them in dental surgeries and preventing injuries that might occur afterwards. The aim of this study is to describe anatomic characteristics of mental foramen and anterior loop on CBCT images.  Materials and Methods: On CBCT imag...

Cross sectional observational study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of accessory infraorbital foramen on both sides in a collection of 200 skulls available in the Department of Anatomy, St John’s Medical College, and other medical colleges of Bangalore. India. The data of the present study will be of considerably use to cliniciansanaesthetist following failure of infiltration of anae...

BACKGROUND The mental foramen (MF) is a small foramen located in the anterolateral region of the mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels emerge. The knowledge on the anatomic characteristics and variations of MF is very important in surgical procedures involving that area. The aim of this study was two-fold: firstly, to analyze the anatomic characteristics of MF and the presence of ...

In a recent issue of Critical Care, Wu and Orizaola Balaguer [1] hypothesized that nociceptive head turning after brain death (BD) is a spinal reflex. We argue that it can be a supraspinal response, which would invalidate a diagnosis of BD. The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius are innervated by the spinal nucleus of the accessory nerve extending from the lower medulla to the ventral horn of th...

BACKGROUND The mental foramen is a strategically important landmark during osteotomy procedures. Its location and the possibility that an anterior loop of the mental nerve may be present mesial to the mental foramen needs to be considered before implant surgery to avoid mental nerve injury. METHODS Articles that addressed the position, number, and size of the mental foramen, mental nerve anat...