in this paper, rstly, it is proved that, for a fuzzy vector space, the set of its fuzzy bases de ned by shi and huang, is equivalent to the family of its bases de ned by p. lubczonok. secondly, for two fuzzy vector spaces, it is proved that they are isomorphic if and only if they have the same fuzzy dimension, and if their fuzzy dimensions are equal, then their dimensions are the same, however,...

We present a new illusory display in which illusory contours are misaligned with physical contours. In these displays, illusory Kanizsa squares, induced by the so-called pacmen, are positioned on top of a background grid of bars. The misalignment of the illusory contours with respect to physical contours of the grid of bars induces an overall 'restless' appearance and evokes the impression that...

The analysis of spatial relations among objects in an image is an important vision problem that involves both shape analysis and structural pattern recognition. In this paper, we propose a new approach to characterize the spatial relation along, an important feature of spatial configurations in space that has been overlooked in the literature up to now. We propose a mathematical definition of t...

Fore-and-aft vibration of a backrest can influence discomfort and the risk of injury associated with whole-body vibration. Relevant standards (BS 6841:1987 and ISO2631-1:1997) recommend the W(c) frequency weighting for evaluating fore-and-aft vibration of backrests, but do not specify the precise location for measuring vibration. This study determined equivalent comfort contours for fore-and-af...

An analytical method to determine the visible parts of parametrically defined tensor-product surfaces is described. All vistbility calculations are strictly oriented on the (u, u)-parameter plane. This leads to substantial advantages over visibility algorithms based on the approximation of curved surfaces by sets of planar polygons. The new algorithm allows the calculation and the display of bo...

The aim of this study is to evaluate how nonspeech pitch contours of varying shape influence latency and amplitude of cortical pitch-specific response (CPR) components differentially as a function of language experience. Stimuli included time-varying, high rising Mandarin Tone 2 (T2) and linear rising ramp (Linear), and steady-state (Flat). Both the latency and magnitude of CPR components were ...

Illusory contours (ICs) are contours seen where there are no corresponding gradients in the stimulus. Although ICs were first reported around the turn of the century, interest in this phenomenon dramatically increased after Kanizsa (1955) presented his striking demonstrations. Since then ICs have received a great deal of attention both experimentally and theoretically (for reviews see Parks 198...

Large, high resolution displays combine high pixel density with ample physical dimensions. Combination of these two factors creates a multi-scale workspace [2] where object targeting requires both high speed and high accuracy for nearby and far apart targeting. Modern operating systems support dynamic control-display gain adjustment (i.e. cursor acceleration) that helps to maintain both speed a...