Perceived slant is grossly overestimated, such that 5 degrees hills look to be about 20 degrees. However, overestimation is found only in visual and verbal measures of apparent slant; action measures are accurate. This dissociation is consistent with several lines of research that suggest that there exist two perceptual processes, one for visually guided actions and another for explicit awarene...

The destruction of quantum coherence can pump energy into a system. For our examples this is paradoxical because the destroyed correlations are ordinarily considered negligible. Mathematically the explanation is straightforward and physically one can identify the degrees of freedom supplying this energy. Nevertheless, the energy input can be calculated without specific reference to those degree...

Let G be a finite group. We denote by ρ(G) the set of primes which divide some character degrees of G and by σ(G) the largest number of distinct primes which divide a single character degree of G. We show that |ρ(G)| ≤ 2σ(G) + 1 when G is an almost simple group. For arbitrary finite groups G, we show that |ρ(G)| ≤ 2σ(G) + 1 provided that σ(G) ≤ 2.

Characteristics of relationship itself play an important role in determining well-being of individuals who participate in the relationship. We used efficacy expectations mutually shared between close friends or romantic partners as a characteristic of relationship and investigated its impact on their life satisfaction. In Study 1, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 137 pairs of close sa...

The pathway to wisdom is a crooked one. Doctors have many opportunities to become wiser, and may do so in different ways and to different degrees. We suggest several means to facilitate their passage. There remains an additional key step. Seeking wisdom should become embedded in the culture of medicine. This may follow from the types of activities discussed above. We believe that wisdom is unde...

The nature of the developmental trajectory of face recognition abilities from infancy through adulthood is multifaceted and currently not well understood. We argue that the understanding of this trajectory can be greatly informed by taking a more functionalist approach in which the influence of age-appropriate developmental tasks and goals are considered. To build this argument, we provide a fo...

With this work, we present two new methods for the generation of thermostatted, manifestly Hamiltonian dynamics and provide corresponding illustrations. The basis for this new class of thermostats is the peculiar thermodynamics as exhibited by logarithmic oscillators. These two schemes are best suited when applied to systems with a small number of degrees of freedom.

Divorce represents the dissolution of a social tie, but it is also possible that attitudes about divorce flow across social ties. To explore how social networks influence divorce and vice versa, we exploit a longitudinal data set from the long-running Framingham Heart Study. The results suggest that divorce can spread between friends. Clusters of divorces extend to two degrees of separation in ...

Circuity, defined as the ratio of the shortest network distance to the Euclidean distance between one origin-destination (O-D) pair, can be adopted as a helpful evaluation method of indirect degrees of train paths. In this paper, the maximum circuity of the paths of operated trains is set to be the threshold value of the circuity of high-speed train paths. For the shortest paths of any node pai...