Exploiters of protection mutualisms are assumed to represent an important threat for the stability of those mutualisms, but empirical evidence for the commonness or relevance of exploiters is limited. Here, I describe results from a manipulative study showing that an orb-weaver spider, Eustala oblonga, inhabits an ant-acacia for protection from predators. This spider is unique in the orb-weaver...

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of methanol crude leaves extract and aqueous fraction of Acacia nilotica on liver enzymes and lipid profiles of alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan dissolved in 0.9%v/v cold normal saline solution at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, after which the rats were randomly divided ...

Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae is the causative agent of Bacterial blight of Pomegranate that is known to cause yield loss up to 70-90%. The primary disease management method involves mainly use of chemical pesticides. In present investigation the antibacterial activity of extracts of Acacia nilotica, Datura metel, cow urine and butter milk against Xanthomonas axonopodis punicae was studied by ...

The analysis of the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes of the honey bee Apis mellifera in comparison with the well-annotated, finished fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster genome was presented in this article. The nuclear genome of the honey bee has about 245 millions b.p. which distributed in 16 chromosomes and contains about 10 thousands genes. The mitochondrial genome of the A. mellifera has...

Study was aimed to evaluate the possible antisecretory and antiulcer activity of crude bark extract of Acacia catechu and its action against indomethacin an non steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) plus pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcers in rats. Administration of crude extract of Acacia catechu (400mg/kg/day p.o.) significantly reduced ulcer index when compared with indomethacin induc...

The immunomodulatory effect of aqueous extract of Acacia catechu commonly known as Katha or Karangali was studied at two doses of 5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg orally. The effect was studied in neutrophil adhesion test, mice lethality test, carbon clearance assay, cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia, serum immunoglobulin levels and the heamagglutination test. Acacia catechu extract showed an increase i...

Given the growing popularity of indicators among policy-makers to measure progress toward conservation and sustainability goals, there is an urgent need to develop indicators that can be used accurately by both specialists and nonspecialists, drawing from the knowledge possessed by each group. This paper uses a case study from the Kalahari, Botswana to show how participatory and ecological meth...

Intraand inter-specific competition between seedlings of Acacia etbaica Schweinf. and the grass Hyparrenia hirta (L.) Stapf. was studied to evaluate the influence of the perennial grass on the establishment of the tree seedlings. The experiment was conducted using a replacement series in which plants were grown in a greenhouse at an overall density of six individuals per pot, providing combinat...

Germination is the first stage in plant life cycle confronted with soil salinity and because of expanded saline areas around the world it is important to determine salt effects on this stage. In this study, we report an in vitro procedure for studying germination of Acacia spp. under salt stress with different NaCl and KCl concentrations. Seeds of Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne and Acacia oerf...

In this paper we report results of skin prick tests (SPT) using pollen extracts on 200 patients with clinical symptoms of asthma, and results of a parallel study in which pollen was collected and classified over a period of 18 months. The patients were outpatients from the University Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, while the pollen grains were collected with a spore trap placed in the campu...