Marine viruses are critical drivers of ocean biogeochemistry, and their abundances vary spatiotemporally in the global oceans, with upper estimates exceeding 10 per ml. Over many years, a consensus has emerged that virus abundances are typically tenfold higher than microbial cell abundances. However, the true explanatory power of a linear relationship and its robustness across diverse ocean env...

We have derived new abundances of the rare-earth elements Pr, Dy, Tm, Yb, and Lu for the solar photosphere and for five very metal-poor, neutron-capture r-process-rich giant stars. The photospheric values for all five elements are in good agreement with meteoritic abundances. For the low metallicity sample, these abundances have been combined with new Ce abundances from a companion paper, and r...

After few minutes the Universe evolved through conditions of temperature and density which permitted the first synthesis of astrophysically interesting abundances of D, He, He and Li. The relic abundances are sensitive probes of the nucleon density and so are the CMB acoustic oscillations, somewhat 400000 years later, which allow a stringent cross check. The CMB high precision estimate of the b...

We experimentally separated the effects of two components of plant diversity-plant species richness and plant functional group richness-on insect communities. Plant species richness and plant functional group richness had contrasting effects on insect abundances, a result we attributed to three factors. First, lower insect abundances at higher plant functional group richness were explained by a...

Non-LTE abundances of magnesium, aluminum and sulfur are derived for a sample of 23 low-v sin i stars belonging to six northern OB associations of the Galactic disk within 1 kpc of the Sun. The abundances are obtained from the fitting of synthetic line profiles to high resolution spectra. A comparison of our results with HII region abundances indicates good agreement for sulfur while the cephei...

We present new abundance determinations of neutron-capture elements Ge, Zr, Os, Ir, and Pt in a sample of 11 metal-poor ( 3:1 1⁄2Fe/H 1:6) Galactic halo giant stars, based on Hubble Space Telescope UVand Keck I optical high-resolution spectroscopy. The stellar sample is dominated by r-process–rich stars such as the well-studied CS 22892 052 and BD +17 3248 but also includes the r-process–poor, ...

This paper presents a homogeneous study of abundances in a sample of 79 northern galactic planetary nebulae whose morphological classes have been uniformly determined. Ionic abundances and plasma diagnostics were derived from selected optical line strengths in the literature, and elemental abundances were

The recent revision of the solar chemical composition (A04: Asplund et al. 2005) leads to a decrease of about 40% in the C, N, O, Ne abundances and to a ∼ 20 % decrease of Fe and some other metal abundances in comparison with older abundances (GN93: Grevesse & Noels 1993), as shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1: The new solar abundances in comparison with the older ones. We tested the effects of these mo...

We present a study of beryllium (Be) abundances in a large sample of field solar-type dwarfs and sub-giants spanning a large range of effective temperatures. The Be abundances, computed using a very uniform set of stellar parameters and near-UV spectra obtained with 3 different instruments, are used to study the depletion of this light element. The analysis shows that Be is severely depleted fo...

A simple and rapid method for the determination of Ba isotope abundances in water samples by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) coupled with least-squares support vector machine regression (LS-SVM) is reported. By evaluation of emission lines of barium, it was found that the emission line at 493.408 nm provides the best results for the determination of Ba abundan...