BACKGROUND Abacavir has been associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unknown. We evaluated longitudinal changes in pro-atherosclerotic biomarkers in patients initiating abacavir or tenofovir. METHODS Consecutive patients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with abacavir/lamivudine or tenofovir/emtricitabine were included. Plas...

Many anti-human immunodeficiency virus 1 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors have low central nervous system (CNS) distribution due in part to active efflux transport at the blood-brain barrier. We have previously shown that zidovudine (AZT) and abacavir (ABC) are in vitro substrates for the efflux transport protein breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) 1. We evaluated the influence o...

Patients with plasma viral RNA >50,000 copies/mL, despite a protease-inhibitor regimen, received abacavir, amprenavir, and efavirenz to assess efavirenz-amprenavir drug interactions and to evaluate safety and antiviral response. Patients first received amprenavir with abacavir and other nucleoside analogs. Amprenavir levels were measured before and after adding efavirenz. Patients then received...

BACKGROUND To investigate pharmacokinetic interactions associated with coadministration of lersivirine with zidovudine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF)/emtricitabine (Truvada(®)) or abacavir/lamivudine (Epzicom(®)/Kivexa(®)). METHODS Three Phase I, open, crossover studies with two (studies 1 and 3) or three (study 2) treatment periods were conducted in healthy individuals. In study 1, indi...

Purpose Abacavir use has been associated with an increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular events in several cohort studies, but the pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown. Recently Martinez et al. observed no differences in markers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance or hypercoagulability in HIV infected persons treated with either abacavir or tenofovir. While several...

Many pharmacogenomic biomarkers (PGBM) were identified and translated into clinical practice, affecting the usage of drugs via label updates. In this context, abacavir is one of the most brilliant examples of pharmacogenetic studies translated into clinical practice. Pharmacogenetic studies have revealed that abacavir HSRs are highly associated with the major histocompatibility complex class I....

Most HIV-infected subjects will receive a treatment regimen including abacavir or tenofovir. Therefore, clarifying if there is an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among those exposed to abacavir is of the utmost importance. Due to the low frequency of AMI in this young population (2-5 per 1000 patients/year), efforts to clarify this have been quite controversial. While some o...

BACKGROUND Here, we aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of abacavir and carbovir triphosphate (CBV-TP) with darunavir/ritonavir 900/100 mg once daily or raltegravir 400 mg twice daily. METHODS HIV-infected subjects on abacavir (600 mg once daily) underwent steady-state pharmacokinetic assessments without and with darunavir/ritonavir or raltegravir. Within-subject changes in plasma and i...

PURPOSE Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor indicated for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In Japan, Ziagen® (300-mg abacavir sulfate) has been marketed since 1999. To obtain safety data on Ziagen, a mandatory postmarketing surveillance was conducted between September 1999 and September 2009. METHODS A joint survey [HIV-related Drug Surveys (HRD)] has been co...