Abstract In a posteriori error analysis, the relationship between and estimator is usually spoiled by so-called oscillation terms, which cannot be bounded error. order to remedy, we devise new approach where has following two properties. First, it dominated error, irrespective of mesh fineness regularity data exact solution. Second, captures in terms part residual that, general, quantified with...

the proofs of god's existence are among the main questions of philosophers. this question has a special importance in spinoza's works, because it constitutes the basis of his philosophy. in his main work, ethics, he initiates the discussion with the definition of god and ends it up with man's noblest happiness, namely love of god. he deals with the issue in his different works an...

An iterative stochastic algorithm to perform maximum a posteriori parameter estimation of hidden Markov models is proposed. It makes the most of the statistical model by introducing an artiicial probability model based on an increasing number of the unobserved Markov chain at each iteration. Under minor regularity assumptions, we provide suucient conditions to ensure global convergence of this ...