Reverse genetics was used to study the effect of particular amino acids of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) on virulence. Using site-directed mutagenesis, altering of two amino acids in VP2 (Q253H, A284T) and VP3 (H783Q, V862M, I921V) in the segment A of a Chinese very virulent IBDV field strain Harbin-1, 4 virus mutants including H253/284, H783/862, H862/921, H921/783 were rescued. To ev...

Subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria were isolated from the hearts of the diving muskrat and non-diving guinea pig and direct and indirect measurements of calcium uptake were examined in vitro. The calcium-stimulated respiration rate and 45Ca uptake were measured and found to be greater in muskrat than in guinea pig mitochondria. Muskrat mitochondria were able to endure a greater exte...

In the isopod Idotea emarginata, the neuropeptide proctolin is contained in a single pair of motoneurones located in pereion ganglion 4. The two neurones supply dorsal extensor muscle fibres of all segments. Proctolin (1 micromoll(-1)) potentiates the amplitude of contractures of single extensor muscle fibres elicited by 10 mmoll(-1) caffeine. In western blots of myofibrillar proteins isolated ...

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The ionic basis of the resting potential and of the response to acetylcholine (ACh) has been investigated in the cell body membrane of the fast coxal depressor motor neurone in the metathoracic ganglion of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. By means of ion-sensitive microelectrodes, intracellular concentrations of three ion species were estimated (mmoll"): [K]j, 144±3; [Na]j, 9±1; [Cl~],, 7±1...