Yeast vacuoles undergo priming, docking, and homotypic fusion, although little has been known of the connections between these reactions. Vacuole-associated Vam2p and Vam6p (Vam2/6p) are components of a 65S complex containing SNARE proteins. Upon priming by Sec18p/NSF and ATP, Vam2/6p is released as a 38S subcomplex that binds Ypt7p to initiate docking. We now report that the 38S complex consis...

The nature and frequency of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I loss mechanisms in primary cancers are largely unknown. We used flow cytometry and molecular analyses to concurrently assess allele-specific HLA phenotypes and genotypes in subpopulations from 30 freshly isolated cervical tumor cell suspensions.Tumor-associated HLA class I alterations were present in 90% of the...

Eleven uveal melanomas were analyzed using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). The most abundant genetic changes were loss of chromosome 3, overrepresentation of 6p, loss of 6q, and multiplication of 8q. The smallest overrepresented regions on 6p and 8q were 6pter-->p21 and 8q24-->qter, respectively. Several additional gains and losses of chromosome segments were repeatedly observed, the m...

Approximately one in every 100 individuals will develop schizophrenia during the course of his or her life. The symptoms typically emerge in the late teens and twenties: schizophrenia disrupts an individual’s thought processes, perceptions, emotions and behaviour. Sufferers lose touch with reality, developing false beliefs (delusions) and experiencing abnormal perceptions — in particular, audit...

Low energy x-ray fluorescence (LEXRF) detection was optimized for imaging cerebral glucose metabolism by mapping the fluorine LEXRF signal of F in FDG, trapped as intracellular F-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (FDG-6P) at 1μm spatial resolution from 3μm thick brain slices. FDG metabolism was evaluated in brain structures closely resembling the general cerebral cytoarchitecture following formalin fixa...

Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), we have identified and mapped regions of DNA amplification in primary and metastatic osteosarcomas. Samples were obtained from four patients and ten independent xenografts. Sixty-four percent of the tumors showed increased DNA-sequence copy numbers, affecting 23 different chromosomal sites. Most of these regions were not previously associated with ...

We have shown that the broadband near-IR (NIR) fluorescence recently discovered in Bi-doped glasses is not specific due solely to Bi ions. Glasses doped with different 6p (Bi, Pb) and 5p (Sn, Sb) ions exhibit very similar behavior characterized by four major spectral peaks observed in two-dimensional excitation-emission plots and the lifetime of metastable level of about 400 micros. Our results...