Potent anti-adherent activity was detected in fermentation extracts of microbial strain FO-5050. Active compounds designated macrosphelide A and B were isolated and the structure was determined to be 16-membered macrolide antibiotics possessing three ester bonds in the ring structure. Macrosphelide A dose-dependently inhibited the adhesion of HL-60 cells to LPS-activated HUVEC monolayer (IC50, ...

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) describes a sudden loss of function characterized by elevated serum creatinine (CRE) levels reduced urinary output. AKI patients have high mortality rate, but limited treatment options are currently available. During the progression, an excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress, which often results in cell damage renal ...

Ear lobe blood pHa, PaCo2, PaO2, and O2 saturation (SaO2) were measured in healthy Caucasians and Sherpas at 3400 m (Namche Bazaar, Nepal, n = 4/5), 5050 m (Pyramid Laboratory, Lobuche, Nepal, n = 20/5) and 6450 m (Camp II of Mt Everest, n = 11/7). In the investigated altitude range, pHa increased progressively with altitude from 7.463 +/- 0.005 (mean +/- SE) to 7.496 +/- 0.006 in Caucasians wh...

We discuss the shape and strength of the emission bands observed in Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) spectra of three carbon-rich evolved stars (Beintema et al. 1996a). The emission bands, due to stretching and bending modes of CC and C-H bonds in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), show large difference in strength and shape, depending on the excitation temperature and size distributio...

Brain blood flow increases during the first week of living at high altitude. We do not understand completely what causes the increase or how the factors that regulate brain blood flow are affected by the high-altitude environment. Our results show that the balance of oxygen (O(2)) and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pressures in arterial blood explains 40% of the change in brain blood flow upon arrival ...