Critical insights on galaxy evolution stem from studying local and high redshift bars. We present results on bars at z ∼ 0, based on OSUBSGS B and H images of 180 spirals. (1) The deprojected bar fraction is 60% in H and 44% in B, confirming the ubiquity of local bars. The results before and after deprojection are almost identical, which is encouraging for high redshfit studies. (2) Most (∼ 71%...

BACKGROUND Inadequate protein intake (PI), containing a sub-optimal source of essential amino acids (EAAs), and reduced appetite are contributing factors to age-related sarcopenia. The satiating effects of dietary protein per se may negatively affect energy intake (EI), thus there is a need to explore alternative strategies to facilitate PI without compromising appetite and subsequent EI. MET...

Candy bar-like protein supplements are sometimes consumed for their sugar alcohol content, which lowers the glycemic response. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute glycemic and blood lipid response to the ingestion of a candy bar-like protein supplement compared with its candy bar counterpart. In a crossover design, 5 males and 5 females (N = 10; age, 24 ± 5.5 years; height, 174...

To the Editor: W ith their balance of risk (BAR) score, Dutkowski et al1 present a new, simple tool both to assess the risk of recipient death after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and to guide graft acceptance and allocation. The BAR score combines donor and recipient age, the length of cold ischemic time, the need for life support, and the model for endstage liver disease (MELD) score,...

A new route to cationic complexes of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba with 18-membered ring O4S2, O4Se2 and O2S4 donor macrocycles from metal acetonitrile complexes with weakly coordinating [BAr(F)](-) anions is described. The precursors used were [M(MeCN)x][BAr(F)]2 (M = Mg, x = 6; M = Ca, x = 8) and [M'(acacH)(MeCN)5][BAr(F)]2 (M' = Sr or Ba). Reaction of these with the heterocrowns, [18]aneO4S2 (1,4,10,13-...

This paper proposes a method to autonomously select stable visual landmarks from observed features by stereo vision and a given 2D obstacle map. The robot selects as stable landmarks vertical line segments which are distinct and on a vertical plane, because they are expected to be observed reliably from various viewpoints. Due to the vision and motion error of the robot, the observed feature po...

drought, high and low tempratures are the most important abiotic stresses in chickpea cultivation. improving plant root characteristics (root length and root volume) is one of the ways to increase drought tolerance in chickpea. mycorrhizal symbiosis increases drought resistance of host plants through different mechanisms. to study the effects of water stress and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on...

drought stress is one of the serious problems that restricted agronomic plant production worldwide. inmolecular level, the harmful effect of drought stress is mostly caused by producing of large amount ofreactive oxygen species (ros). catalase and metallothionein genes have a crucial role to mope the hydrogenperoxide (h2o2) resulting reducing oxidative damage. in this research the gene expressi...