Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) alters brain function and manifests as brain atrophy. Intranasal insulin has emerged as a promising intervention for treatment of cognitive impairment. We evaluated the acute effects of intranasal insulin on resting-state brain functional connectivity in older adults with T2DM. This proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated th...

Background Animal models are important to develop our understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and for the development of new therapies. While coronary autoregulation maintains resting myocardial blood flow (MBF) constant over a wide range of pathological conditions, MBF reserve during hyperaemic stress is impaired in several common disease processes. First pass contrast-e...

nowadays brain tumors remain as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and are often treatment refractory. the grading of brain tumor has an important implication in clinical management. currently, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs) is an important modality in evaluating and grading brain tumors. the aim of this study is  evaluation of metabolites in the differentiation of brain tumo...

Introduction The extra-ocular (EO) muscles control movement of the eyes and are pathologically involved in conditions including thyroid eye disease [1] and progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) arising from mitochondrial diseases [2]. Pathologies such as inflammation and atrophy of these muscles are routinely investigated on clinical MRI using techniques that suppress potentially confoundi...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the thickness of the hip capsule in patients with surgical hip disease, either with cam-femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or non-FAI hip pathology, with that of asymptomatic control hips. METHODS A total of 56 hips in 55 patients underwent a 3Tesla MRI of the hip. These included 40 patients with 41 hips with arthroscopically proven hip dise...

Successful socialization requires the ability of understanding of others' mental states. This ability called as mentalization (Theory of Mind) may become deficient and contribute to everyday life difficulties in multiple sclerosis. We aimed to explore the impact of brain pathology on mentalization performance in multiple sclerosis. Mentalization performance of 49 patients with multiple sclerosi...

Background: Brain tumours are the most common solid tumours in children. More than 50% of these tumours develop in the posterior cranial fossa. Long term survivors of posterior fossa tumours (PFT) suffer from neurocognitive and memory issues. We hypothesized that serial MRI scanning of brain would show differences in hippocampal and ACC volume change in PFT patients treated with and without che...

Calibrated blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) imaging, a technique used to measure changes in cerebral O(2) metabolism, depends on an accurate model of how the BOLD signal is affected by the mismatch between changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of O(2) (CMRO(2)). However, other factors such as the cerebral blood volume (CBV) distribution at rest and with activa...

This study examined hippocampal volume as a putative biomarker for psychotic illness in the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) psychosis sample, contrasting manual tracing and semiautomated (FreeSurfer) region-of-interest outcomes. The study sample (n = 596) included probands with schizophrenia (SZ, n = 71), schizoaffective disorder (SAD, n = 70), and psychotic bi...