[1] We present 2D and 3D numerical simulations of convection to test the role of shear heating and fracture zones on Europan ridge formation. Our simulations show that a pre-existing fracture zone promotes upwelling and lithospheric thinning, leading to topographic uplift of 50 m. Shear heating also promotes lithospheric thinning and buoyant ascent, producing a ridge-like feature with topograph...

In the field of free-form machining, CAM software offers various modes of tool-path generation, depending on the geometry of the surface to be machined. Manufactured surface quality results from the choice of machining strategy and machining parameters. The objective of this paper is to provide a 3D surface roughness parameter that formalizes the relative influence of both machining parameters ...

This paper proposes and describes an implementation of a photometric stereo-based technique for in vivo assessment of three-dimensional (3D) skin topography in the presence of interreflections. The proposed method illuminates skin with red, green, and blue colored lights and uses the resulting variation in surface gradients to mitigate the effects of interreflections. Experiments were carried o...

The Congruent Matching Cells (CMC) method was invented at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for firearm evidence identifications. The CMC method divides the measured image of a surface area, such as a breech face impression from a fired cartridge case, into small correlation cells and uses four identification parameters to identify correlated cell pairs originating from ...

This paper proposes a three-dimensional (3D) face recognition system using passive stereo vision. So far, the reported 3D face recognition techniques have used active 3D measurement methods to capture high-quality 3D facial information. However, active methods employ structured illumination (structure projection, phase shift, moire topography, etc.) or laser scanning, which is not desirable in ...

Execution schedule and 2D drawings are generally used for hazards identification in the construction safety planning process. Planner visualises 2D drawings into a 3D model and mentally links its components with the respective activities defined in the schedule to understand the execution sequence in safety planning. Sequence interpretation and accordingly the hazards identification vary with t...

Automatic extraction and reconstruction of objects from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data and images has been a topic of research for decades. In other words, laser scanner data are powerful data source for acquisition and updating of large scale topographic maps. With this information, topographic objects like buildings, trees and the relief can be determined. The goal of this research ...

Increased demand for treatment of skin wrinkles has led to a proliferation of different pharmaceutical and surgical treatment methods. However there still remains a lack of quantitative, objective, easily utilizable and reproducible wrinkle classification system by which these treatments can be studied and compared. We propose the use of a novel photometric stereo based technique as a potential...

Gemiler Island is located in southwestern Turkey and is known as the “Island of St. Nicholas”. This saint was the origin of our present-day Santa Claus. The island itself is small and measures 1000 by 400 m but it still contains an entire medieval city with antiquated structures such as churches, houses and so on. According to the style of architecture and decoration of the churches, the city i...

Any archaeological site shows a stratification formed by single 3D volumes, the deposits and specific 3D surfaces of human origin as pits, ditches or wall-surfaces known as the units of stratification. Excavation forms the main data retrieval process in field archaeology a destructive process to be documented in three dimensions. To fully reconstruct the part of the site destroyed by excavation...