it is to succeed. or successful product and process definition, implementation, and evolution, developers increasingly look to software measurement techniques.1-3 We typically regard measurement as essential for project—but less so for process— management. Yet without adequate quantitative support, we can’t readily comprehend, much less master, the complexities of software structure, testabilit...

Forest measurements using conventional methods may not capture all the important information required to properly characterize forest structure. The objective of this study was develop a low-cost alternative method for inventory and characterization structure handheld LiDAR technology. Three-dimensional (3D) maps trees were obtained an iPad Pro with sensor. Freely-available software programs, i...

Although the need for communicating 3D data using simple and intuitive means extends to disciplines as diverse as biology, engineering sciences and the visual arts, none of the currently available molecular-visualization programs depicting potentially highly complex structures are compatible with the portable document format (PDF), the current gold standard of electronic publishing. Therefore, ...

3D visualization in the field of architecture is an emerging discipline that has had a powerful impact on how architects present their work and communicate ideas to the client. However, the potential for what 3D software can do is still being realized in the architectural design process. This project proposes an alternative approach to the current design process by presenting a system that will...

Abstract Modern CAD tools represent 3D designs not only as geometry, but also a program composed of geometric operations, each which depends on set parameters. Program representations enable meaningful and controlled shape variations via parameter changes. However, achieving desired modifications solely through editing is challenging when models have been explicitly authored to expose select de...

In ancestry estimation of South African individuals, non-metric morphological trait assessment has not proven useful and previous results in FORDISC 3.0 leave room for improvement. The accuracy rates of software programs FORDISC 3.1 and 3D-ID were compared for ancestry estimation based on cranial data of black and white South Africans using discriminant function analysis. Cranial landmarks were...