sugar beet is one of the main crops in iranthat provides primary materials for sugar industries and so, its economic aspects are very important. one of these aspects is employment; it has begged to draw policy maker attentions. nevertheless, there hasnot been any survey study on this matter in iranyet. in this study, the current value of labor use in sugar beet cultivation (direct employment) i...

in the last decades, pesticides have been used extensively, in order to control pests and plant diseases, but negative impacts of pesticides caused several environmental problems and put human health in danger. in order to decrease environmental hazards of pesticide, risk of pesticide application should be measured briefly and precisely. in this study environmental impacts of registered insecti...

to determine the effects of biofertilizers, nitrogen and azocompost on oil yield and essential oil content of dragonhead (dracocephalum moldavica l.), a field experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete blocks design with 20 treatments and 3 replications. this study was performed at two locations during 2009-2010 on field in tarbiat modares university, and at the khoy agricul...

Once-a-day (OAD) milking offers a major opportunity to improve labour output on New Zealand farms. However few full lactation studies have been undertaken to investigate the effect of this strategy on the productivity of the farm system. A trial was established in 2000 to measure the effect of milking frequency and breed in farm systems where stocking rate was adjusted to equalise per hectare f...

in order to determine the effect of potassium silicate solution with elements of macro and micro elements on agronomic traits of rice, tarom, a field experiment in paddy fields galogah city - village marbles of the crop year 2014 was conducted. the results showed that the highest plant height (013/180 cm) to 2 liters per hectare and no interaction effects of potassium silicate elements. the res...

Perpendicular distance sampling (PDS) is a fast probability-proportional-to-size method for inventory of downed wood. However, previous development of PDS had limited the method to estimating only one variable (such as volume per hectare, or surface area per hectare) at a time. Here, we develop a general design-unbiased estimator for PDS. We then show how that estimator can be used to develop s...

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is grown across different production environments and is harvested over a 5-month (midOctober–mid-March) period in Florida. While many studies have examined genotype environment interactions and their implications for breeding program design, knowledge is limited regarding interactions of genotype, environment and time of harvest and their implications for growers. Th...

Stocking rate is a fundamental variable for managing pastures, and there is a distinct relationship between stocking rate and animal performance for each forage type. This research was conducted to determine the effects of fall stocking rate (SR) and method of establishment of wheat pasture planted into dedicated crop fields on animal performance during the fall and subsequent spring. There was...

in order to select and release of nassim, a new cultivar of red clover, the researcher carried out the researches at the field of seed and plant improvement institute (spii) in karaj and some research stations such as shahrekord, sanandej, kermanshah, arak, gorgan during years 1996-2006. the experimental research was carried out design rcbd with six treatments and four replications during years...