We investigate the impact of cyclic competition on pattern formation in the rock-paper-scissors game. By separately considering random and prepared initial conditions, we observe a critical influence of the competition rate p on the stability of spiral waves and on the emergence of biodiversity. In particular, while increasing values of p promote biodiversity, they may act detrimentally on spat...

We present a comprehensive study of pattern formation in single-field relaxational systems with field-dependent coefficients. A modulated mean-field theory leads to a form amenable to analysis via the geometric architecture developed in our earlier work for systems that exhibit phase transitions between global steady states [Phys. Rev. E 69, 011102 (2004)]. We demonstrate that the phase diagram...

Conversion of leucine to isovaleric acid by Clostridium bifermentans is achieved by the action of at least two enzymes. One is a transaminase producing alpha-ketoisocaproic acid, which was purified 30-fold from osmotic lysates of late-exponential phase cells by repeated chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose C16B and Sephacryl S300: this represented a 147-fold purification of activity found in sonica...

The following factors were measured for extracellular haemoglobins of Artemia salina: a minimal molecular weight of globin chain per haem group (based on the iron and haem contents), the absorption coefficients, the absorption spectra of various derivatives and the amino acid compositions. These were compared with those of the haemoglobins of other invertebrates. Three Artemia haemoglobins (I, ...

PURPOSE The evaluation of syncope is often disorganized and ineffective. The objective of this study was to examine whether implementation of a standardized emergency department (ED) protocol improves the quality of syncope evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a prospective, non-randomized study conducted at a 1900-bed, tertiary teaching hospital in South Korea. We compared two sp...

OBJECTIVE To investigate if early treatment of primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) reduces viral set point and/or increases CD4 lymphocytes. METHODS Analysis of two prospective multi-centre PHI cohorts. HIV-1 RNA and CD4 lymphocytes in patients with transient treatment were compared to those in untreated patients. Time to CD4 lymphocyte decrease below 350/ microl after treatment stop or seroconvers...