INTRODUCTION Pannus formation and resulting cartilage destruction during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) depends on the migration of synoviocytes to cartilage tissue. Here, we focused on the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α-induced chemokines by chondrocytes in the regulation of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) migration into the cartilage-pannus interface and cartilage erosion. METHODS C...

Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) has been shown to regulate cell stemness, although the expression and effects of HIF-2α in lung cancer stem cells remained unclear. This study investigated HIF-2α expression in lung cancer stem cells, as well as the relationship between HIF-2α expression and radioresistance in lung cancer cells. Stem-like cells (CD133(+)) in the non-small-cell lung canc...

Transformation of macrophages into foam cells by apolipoprotein (Apo) E-deficient, ApoB48-containing (E(-)/B48) lipoproteins has been shown to be associated with increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF-2α). The present report examined the causal relationship between eIF-2α phosphorylation and lipid accumulation in macrophages induced by E(-)/B48 lipoproteins. E(-)/B48 ...

We consider a Stokes-Magneto system in Rd (d≥2) with fractional diffusions Λ2αu and Λ2βb for the velocity u magnetic field b, respectively. Here α,β are positive constants Λs=(−Δ)s/2 is Laplacian of order s. establish global existence weak solutions any initial data L2 when α, β satisfy 1/2<α<(d+1)/2, β>0, min⁡{α+β,2α+β−1}>d/2. It also shown that unique if β≥1 min⁡{α+β,2α+β−1}≥d/2+1, addition.

BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dedifferentiation process that mainly involves in mesenchymal marker upregulation, epithelial maker downregulation and cell polarity loss. Related hypoxia factors play a crucial role in EMT, however, it remains few evidence to clarify the role of HIF-2α in EMT in pancreatic cancer. METHOD In this study, we investigated the expression of ...

Two experiments evaluated long-term progestin-based estrus-synchronization programs on the basis of potential for use in facilitating fixed-time AI in estrous cycling and prepubertal beef heifers. In Exp. 1, heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments by age, BW, and estrous cyclicity status. Heifers assigned to the melengestrol acetate-PGF(2α) protocol (MGA-PG; n = 50) received MGA (0.5 mg·anim...

Mouse cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-2α (CTLA-2α), Drosophila CTLA-2-like protein (crammer), and Bombyx cysteine protease inhibitor (BCPI) belong to a novel family of cysteine protease inhibitors (I29). Their inhibitory mechanisms were studied comparatively. CTLA-2α contains a cysteine residue (C75), which is essential for its inhibitory potency. The CTLA-2α monomer was converted to a disulfide...

Cancer cells develop resistance to therapy by adapting to hypoxic microenvironments, and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play crucial roles in this process. We investigated the roles of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in cancer cell death induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) using human pancreatic cancer cell lines. siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-2α, but not HIF-...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to detect the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) compared with normal thyroid tissues. METHODS The mRNA levels and protein levels of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot separately in 30 pairs of PTCs and normal thyroid cases. The protein levels were also detected by ...