The problem of understanding the conditions under which cooperation or altruism can be sustained between interacting selfish entities is a fundamental issue in both biology and the social sciences. In recent years, there has been an explosion of work utilising agent-based computer simulation to explore novel mechanisms for cooperation. This surge was probably kick-started by the famous “compute...

The Baby Doe Rules [3] represent the first attempt by the US government to directly intervene in treatment options for neonates born with severe congenital defects. The name of the rule comes from the controversial 1982 case of a Bloomington, Indiana, infant Baby Doe, a name coined by the media. The Baby Doe Rules [3] mandate that, as a requirement for federal funding, hospitals and physicians ...

Children constitute about 40% of India’s population. Infants and children suffer from frequent but usually non-serious illnesses. Most of these are self-limiting (Straand et al., 1998) and are often treated not only inappropriately, but also resorting to polypharmacy (Ghai and Paul, 1988). Prescribers and the consumers are flooded with a vast array of pharmaceutical preparations with innumerabl...

"If other sources of ethical values have declined in influence, educators have a responsibility to contribute in any way they can to the moral development of their students," writes Derek Bok, the former president of Harvard (Bok, 1976, p. 26). Most educational policy-makers and the public seem to agree that schools and colleges should promote moral development in their students. Yet, there is ...