in this study, the optimization of energy consumption and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions of irrigated lentil production in esfahan province were conducted using data envelopment analysis (dea) method. the used data were collected randomly from 140 lentil producers using a face to face questionnaire method in the cropping season of 2014-2015. based on two dea models of constant returns to...

Rainfall erosivity, considering rainfall amount and intensity, is an important parameter for soil erosion risk assessment under future land use and climate change. Despite its importance, rainfall erosivity is usually implemented in models with a low spatial and temporal resolution. The purpose of this study is to assess the temporaland spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity in form of the ...

Rainfall is one the main drivers of soil erosion. The erosive force of rainfall is expressed as rainfall erosivity. Rainfall erosivity considers the rainfall amount and intensity, and is most commonly expressed as the R-factor in the USLE model and its revised version, RUSLE. At national and continental levels, the scarce availability of data obliges soil erosion modellers to estimate this fact...

Two types of viral nanoparticles were functionalized with targetspecific antibodies and multiple copies of an enzymatic reporter (horseradish peroxidase). The particles were successfully integrated into an immunochromatographic assay detecting MS2 bacteriophage, a model for viral pathogens. The sensitivity of the assay was greatly superior to conventional gold nanoparticle lateral flow assays, ...

Consider the problem of automatic maze navigation. Our maze in a two dimensional maze constructed on the plane R2. We have a starting point x0 ∈ R2, and a target set Γ ⊂ R2, which should be thought of as the ‘end’ of the maze. Our maze is defined by a speed function c(x) for x ∈ R2, which is the speed the robot can move at location x. Objects the robot cannot move through, i.e., walls, are mode...

Due to global climate change, greenhouse gas (GHG) analyzes for agricultural production systems are becoming more common with energy analyzes. In this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the Harran Plain due fuel consumption first crop seed corn were evaluated. A total of 100 face-to-face surveys conducted a producers and data collected on processes. The calculations determine CO2 released...

In the study, mean germination time (MED) was determined as 16.6 days, 21.08 and 9.75 days in traditional sowing method, cross double row method Parallel planting respectively, rate index (ERI) same order. It found 0.31 - 0.52 0.40 pieces/m.day. Grain yield 15260 kg/ha 22330 18300 parallel method. As a result of experiments calculations, net energy to be 297,353.23 Mj/ha, 238.986.57 194.782.97 ...

the energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions, and carbon efficiency of paddy rice production were analysed in sari in the mazandaran province of iran during 2011–2012. data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with paddy producers. the results showed that the net energy gain was 27,932 mj ha-1 and energy efficiency was 1.83 during production. the results of the cobb-doug...

One of the main components production expenses in agricultural operations is energy. The effectiveness its application frequently impacted favor other equally important aspects. energy utilization cassava three distinct farm sizes and technologies Kwara State, Nigeria, was investigated using parametric equations. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on output from 175 farmers. Farms separate...

Perennial herbaceous crops can become the main basis for renewable energy production in agricultural ecosystems in future. To determine the plant species that are the most suitable for biomass production, their biological peculiarities and productivity, biochemical composition and thermophysical properties, social and ecological impact must be investigated thoroughly. The local varieties of per...