‎let $g$ be a finite group and $d_2(g)$ denotes the probability ‎that $[x,y,y]=1$ for randomly chosen elements $x,y$ of $g$‎. ‎we ‎will obtain lower and upper bounds for $d_2(g)$ in the case where ‎the sets $e_g(x)={yin g:[y,x,x]=1}$ are subgroups of $g$ for ‎all $xin g$‎. ‎also the given examples illustrate that all the ‎bounds are sharp.

in this paper, we study a coupled system of nonlinear fractional differential equations with multi-point boundary condi- tions. the differential operator is taken in the riemann-liouville sense. applying the schauder fixed-point theorem and the contrac- tion mapping principle, two existence results are obtained for the following system d^{alpha}_{0+}x(t)=fleft(t,y(t),d^{p}_{0+}y(t)right), t in (0,...

In this paper, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability in$beta$-homogeneous probabilistic modular spaces via fixed point method for the functional equation[f(x+ky)+f(x-ky)=f(x+y)+f(x-y)+frac{2(k+1)}{k}f(ky)-2(k+1)f(y)]for fixed integers $k$ with $kneq 0,pm1.$

The grain yield (Y) of crops is determined by several Y components that reflect positive or negative effects. Conventionally, ordinary Y components are screened for the highest direct effect on Y. Increasing one component tends to be somewhat counterbalanced by a concomitant reduction in other component (s) due to competition for assimilates. Therefore, it has been suggested that components...

In this paper, we introduce a notion of generalized states from an EQ-algebra E1 to another EQ-algebra E2, which is a generalization of internal states (or state operators) on an EQ-algebra E. Also we give a type of special generalized state from an EQ-algebra E1 to E1, called generalized internal states (or GI-state). Then we give some examples and basic properties of generalized (internal) st...

in this paper, we prove the hyers-ulam stability in$beta$-homogeneous probabilistic modular spaces via fixed point method for the functional equation[f(x+ky)+f(x-ky)=f(x+y)+f(x-y)+frac{2(k+1)}{k}f(ky)-2(k+1)f(y)]for fixed integers $k$ with $kneq 0,pm1.$

Dipolar-dephasing method provides some information about the strength of dipolar coupling in solids. Dipolar dephasing technique measures the time for a polarized carbon nucleus to lose its magnetization once the proton locking field is terminated. The dynamics of guest molecules adsorbed within the cavities and channels of nonporouszeolite strongly depend on the structure and chemical composit...

In  this paper, we investigate the generalizedHyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the quartic, cubic and additivefunctional equation$$f(x+ky)+f(x-ky)=k^2f(x+y)+k^2f(x-y)+(k^2-1)[k^2f(y)+k^2f(-y)-2f(x)]$$ ($k in mathbb{Z}-{0,pm1}$) in $p-$Banach spaces.