background family planning (fp) program in pakistan has been struggling to achieve the desired indicators. despite a well-timed initiation of the program in late 50s, fertility decline has been sparingly slow. as a result, rapid population growth is impeding economic development in the country. a high population growth rate, the current fertility rate, a stagnant contraceptive prevalence rate a...

When the foreperiod (FP) is unpredictably varied in reaction-time tasks, responses are slow at short but fast at long FPs (variable-FP effect), and further vary asymmetrically as a function of FP sequence (sequential FP effect). A trace-conditioning model attributes these phenomena to time-related associative learning, while a dual-process model views them as resulting from combined effects of ...

We need to perform arithmetic in Fp(z)12 to use Ate pairing on a Barreto-Naehrig (BN) curve, where p(z) is a prime given by p(z) = 36z + 36z + 24z + 6z+ 1 with an integer z. In many implementations of Ate pairing, Fp(z)12 has been regarded as the 6-th extension of Fp(z)2 , and it has been constructed as Fp(z)12 = Fp(z)2 [v]/(v−ξ) for an element ξ ∈ Fp(z)2 such that v − ξ is irreducible in Fp(z)...

Postpartum family planning (FP) in Kenya is low due to inadequate sensitization and awareness among women, particularly in rural areas. This paper identifies most widely used types of FP, intent and unmet needs among women, FP counseling and barriers to FP uptake. Focus group discussions with providers, traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and mothers, as well as in-depth interviews identify key...

BACKGROUND The optimal use of various therapeutic combinations for moderate/severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. The GLISTEN trial compared the efficacy of two long-acting anti-muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), when combined with an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting β2 agonist (LABA). METHODS This randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial in moderate/s...

We describe a frequent itemset mining algorithm and implementation based on the well-known algorithm FPgrowth. The theoretical difference is the main data structure (tree), which is more compact and which we do not need to rebuild for each conditional step. We thoroughly deal with implementation issues, data structures, memory layout, I/O and library functions we use to achieve comparable perfo...

SUMMARY The ring F p + uF p + · · · + u k−1 F p may be of interest in coding theory, which have already been used in the construction of optimal frequency-hopping sequence. In this work, cyclic codes over F p + uF p + · · ·+u k−1 F p which is an open problem posed in [1] are considered. Namely, the structure of cyclic code over F p + uF p + · · · + u k−1 F p and that of their duals are derived.