1 Intent • Create families of related objects without specifying subclass names Applicability • When clients cannot anticipate groups of classes to instantiate Structure Abstract Factory GoF Object Creational Abstract Factory example in C++

In this paper, we have designed and employed a suspended-wall silo to remove Janssen effect in order explore directly the local pressure dependence of Granular Orifice Flow (GOF) systematically. We find that as is removed, flow rate Q changes linearly with external pressure. The slope {\alpha} linear change decays exponentially ratio size orifice {\Phi}/D, which suggests existence characteristi...

T here is ongoing discussion among the scientific and biosecurity communities over how to address concerns about “gain-of-function” (GOF) research using highly pathogenic agents [1–3]. The discussion has mainly centered on previous work by Yoshihiro Kawaoka’s group at the University of Madison-Wisconsin in the USA [4] and Ron Fouchier’s group at Rotterdam University in the Netherlands [5]. Both...

In the present study an effort has been made to find out the best fitting distribution of wind speed data recorded in Islamabad on a daily basis for the years 2001 to 2003. For this purpose two parameter Gamma, Weibull, Lognormal, Rayleigh, three parameter Burr and Frechet distributions are fitted to data and parameters for each distribution are estimated using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) metho...

The routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms used in optical networks are critical to achieve good network performance. However, despite several previous studies to optimize the RWA, which is classified as an NP-Hard, it seems that there is not, a priori, any solution that would lead to standardization of this process. This article presents the proposed RWA algorithm based on a Generi...

We propose in this paper a new measure called GOF (Group Outlier Factor) to detect groups outliers. To validate this measure we integrated it in a clustering process using Self-organizing Map. The proposed approach is based on relative density of each group of data and simultaneously provides a partitioning of data and a quantitative indicator (GOF). The obtained results are very encouraging to...

Threshold of software metrics can be used as indicators to identify possible anomalies in software. Aspect-Oriented (AO) Programming is a new programming paradigm that solved the crosscutting problem by decomposes the crosscutting concern in aspect module. Establishing the threshold of AO software metrics in order to identify anomalies in AO software is necessary. The Gang-of-Four (GoF) pattern...

The ongoing moratorium on gain-of-function (GOF) research with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus has drawn attention to the current debate on these research practices and the potential benefits and risks they present. While much of the discussion has been steered by members of the microbiology...