Offshore wind turbine (OWT) foundations are subjected to a combination of cyclic and dynamic loading arising from wind, wave, rotor and blade shadowing. Under cyclic loading, most soils change their characteristics including stiffness, which may cause the system natural frequency to approach the loading frequency and lead to unplanned resonance and system damage or even collapse. To investigate...

Abstract The rock fragmentation and crack propagation of anisotropic induced by tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunneling is studied in this paper. First, a numerical model based on the 2D particle flow code (PFC2D) established calibrated to reveal four stages fragmentation. In Stage I (indentation depth 0–0.4 mm), indentation force beneath cutterhead increases decreases dramatically with accumulat...

Borehole convergence during or after drilling is one of the primary indicators borehole instability. Early recognition instability critical in achieving successful and timely completion operations for exploitation. A series numerical simulations was conducted to investigate poorly cemented sandstones using Discrete Element Method (DEM). Rectangular 2-dimensional Particle Flow Code 2D (PFC2D) mo...

In this work, the effect of rock bolt angle on the shear behavior of Rock Bridges is investigated using the particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D) for three different Rock Bridge lengths. Firstly, the calibration of PF2D is performed to reproduce the gypsum sample. Then the numerical models with the dimensions of 100 mm * 100 mm are prepared. The Rock Bridge is created in the middle of th...

Soil-rock mixtures (S-RMs), as special engineering geological materials, are widely distributed in mountainous regions and important hosts of slope disasters. Stability studies very for predicting S-RM safety during the construction operation projects. To investigate stability considering spatial distribution oversized rock blocks slope, distinct element method (DEM) program particle flow code ...