The development of a practical magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) ten years ago allowed the creation of a new class of non-volatile memories. This technology may offer superior resistance to total ionizing dose and virtually unlimited write endurance, making it more attractive than flash memories for space applications. Although a number of manufacturers are developing high-density bulk magnetic...

Understanding the SEU induced failure modes specific to the Virtex SRAM FPGA is needed to evaluate the applicability of various mitigation schemes since many mitigation approaches were originally intended for ASICs and may not be effective or efficient within FPGAs due to the unique failure modes and architectures found in SRAM-based FPGAs. Through this work, we have shown that SEUs in FPGAs’ p...

Carbon nano tube devices are considered as a better replacement for CMOS technology nowadays due to its decreased sizing and increased performance. Resistive open and bridging faults play vital role in the dynamic fault analysis. These faults are important since the number of interconnects have increased. In this study we discuss the effect of open and bridging defects along with the variation ...

The gynoecium is the female reproductive structure of angiosperm flowers. In Arabidopsis thaliana the gynoecium is composed of two carpels that are fused into a tube-like structure. As the gynoecial primordium arises from the floral meristem, a specialized meristematic structure, the carpel margin meristem (CMM), develops from portions of the medial gynoecial domain. The CMM is critical for rep...

How do we make decisions? According to subjective expected utility (SEU) theory, which still holds sway throughout much of the social sciences, “decision makers behave as if utilities were assigned to outcomes, probabilities were attached states of nature, and decisions were made by taking expected utilities” (Mas-Collel, Whinston, & Green, 1995, p. 205, their emphasis). Although this is an ele...

Two experiments were carried out to examine the interaction of egg storage period, egg position during storage, and turning frequency during subsequent incubation on fertile hatchability and embryonic mortality of broiler hatching eggs. Broiler hatching eggs from breeder flocks at 62 and 60 wk of age were stored for either 3 or 14 d at 18 degrees C and 75% RH in either the normal large end up o...

The use of SRAM based FPGA can provide the benefits of re-programmability, in system programming, low cost and fast design cycle. The single events upset (SEU) in the configuration SRAM due to radiation, change the design's function obliging the use in LHC environment only in the restricted area with low hadrons rate. Since we expect in the Atlas muon barrel an integrated dose of 300 Rads and 5...

A fundamental rationality assumption of many models of choices under risk and uncertainty is that the sequencing of events should not matter to a decision maker so long as the consequences arise under the same conditions, ignoring the order of events. Subjective expected utility (SEU) implies this property without exception; however, SEU is known not to be descriptive. The boundary between SEU ...

The present work contains information about the design and implementation of a SRAM memory that is able to cope with SEU and SET produced by radiation. This paper shows how two different techniques could be implemented together to aim that target. The architecture of the memory is proposed, and details of the different blocks are given. Also a new method is developed and proposed for automatic ...