WFPC2 images obtained with the Hubble Space telescope 4.16 years apart have allowed us to measure the proper motion of the metal rich globular cluster NGC 6553 with respect to the background bulge stars. With a space velocity of (Π, Θ, W) = (-3.5, 230,-3) km s −1 , NGC 6553 follows the mean rotation of both disk and bulge stars at a Galactocentric distance of 2.7 kpc. While the kinematics of th...

The observed spectra of the microlensed sources towards the Galactic bulge may be used as a tool for studying the kinematics and extinction effects in the Galactic bulge. In this paper, we first investigate the expected distribution of the microlensed sources as a function of depth within the Galactic bulge. Our analysis takes a magnitude limited microlensing survey into account, and includes t...

The currently discussed theories of bulge formation are reviewed, including the pri-mordial scenario, where bulges form rapidly and then accrete disks, the secular scenario, where bulges are formed by dynamical evolution of disks through bars and galaxy interactions , and some combinations of both, where formation of bulges and disks are more continuous and interleaved. The various scenarios ma...

The cutaneous healing response has evolved to occur rapidly, in order to minimize infection and to re-establish epithelial homeostasis. Rapid healing is achieved through complex coordination of multiple cell types, which importantly includes specific cell populations within the hair follicle (HF). Under physiological conditions, the epithelial compartments of HF and interfollicular epidermis re...

We report on detailed abundances of giants in the Galactic bulge, measured with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the 10-m Keck telescope. We also review other work on the bulge field population and globular clusters using Keck/HIRES. Our new spectra have 3 times the resolution and higher S/N than previous spectra obtained with 4m telescopes. We are able to derive log g from Fe II lines and exc...

Context. It is debated whether the Milky Way bulge has the characteristics of a classical bulge sooner than those of a pseudobulge. Detailed abundance studies of bulge stars is a key to investigate the origin, history, and classification of the bulge. These studies can give constraints on the star-formation history, initial mass-function, and trace differences in stellar populations. Not many s...

Thirty-four RNA duplexes containing single nucleotide bulges were optically melted, and the thermodynamic parameters deltaH degrees, deltaS degrees, deltaG degrees (37), and T(M) for each sequence were determined. Data from this study were combined with data from previous thermodynamic data [Longfellow, C. E., Kierzek, R., and Turner, D. H. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 278-85] to develop a model tha...

Context. The evolution of the Milky Way bulge and its relationship with the other Galactic populations is still poorly understood. The bulge has been suggested to be either a merger-driven classical bulge or the product of a dynamical instability of the inner disk. Aims. To probe the star formation history, the initial mass function and stellar nucleosynthesis of the bulge, we performed an elem...

We report proper motion dispersions for stars in the direction of two fields of the Galactic bulge, using HST/WFPC2 images taken six years apart. Our two fields are Baade’s Window (l, b) = (1.13◦,−3.77◦) and Sgr I (l, b) = (1.25◦,−2.65◦). Our proper motion dispersions are in good agreement with prior groundand space-based proper motion studies in bulge fields, but in contrast to some prior stud...

The carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen abundances and trends in the bulge are discussed in the context of our recent analysis of these elements in an on-going project based on near-IR spectra (Ryde et al. 2009). We obtained these using the CRIRES spectrometer on the VLT. The formation and evolution of the Milky Way bulge can be constrained by studying elemental abundances of bulge stars. Due to the l...