BACKGROUND Left ventricle (LV) in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) faces a double hemodynamic load incorporating both valvular stenosis and reduced systemic arterial compliance (SAC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of global LV afterload on LV hypertrophy (LVH) before and after aortic valve replacement (AVR). METHODS The study cohort included 453 patients (247 males; mean age, 64 ±...

BACKGROUND Type I aortic dissection develops in 0.6% of patients late after aortic valve replacement (AVR), and 13% of patients with type I aortic dissections have a history of AVR. Predictors of aortic dissection at AVR, however, have not been characterized. METHODS AND RESULTS A study group of 33 patients with type I aortic dissection had aortic surgery 49+/-55 months after routine AVR. A g...

Aortic valve replacement (AVR) therapy is clear in symptomatic AS patients, because it improves symptoms, LV function and survival. However, the indications for AVR in asymptomatic patients with severe AS are vague and the subject of ongoing debate. There are observational data that early AVR leads to favorable outcome compared to late (after symptom onset) surgery. Having in mind that operativ...

A recent model of volume and solute microcirculatory exchange in the renal medulla based on a single descending vasa rectum (DVR) was extended to account for the varying number of vessels along the corticomedullary axis. The assumption that concentration polarization at the walls of ascending vasa recta (AVR) during volume uptake eliminates transmural oncotic pressure gradients was examined. In...

BACKGROUND Regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with normalization of diastolic function has been reported in patients with aortic stenosis late after aortic valve replacement (AVR). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of AVR on LV function and structure in chronic aortic regurgitation early and late after AVR. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-six patients were in...

INTRODUCTION Recently, the prognostic value of ST segment elevation in lead aVR in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its relationship with significant stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCAS) and three-vessel disease have been highlighted. AIM Analysis of the relationship between ST segment elevation observed in aVR lead and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patient...

AIMS The pathophysiology underlying aortic valve stenosis (AVS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and reduced exercise capacity is unclear. We hypothesize that improvement of myocardial external efficiency (MEE)--the ratio between external work and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2)--underlies functional improvement of AVS patients after aortic valve replacement (AVR). Therefore, the aim of this pr...

designing of a pid controller is a very common method for industrial process control and due to its very simple and efficient function; it is used in a wide variety of industrial applications. pid controller to reduce the steady state error and dynamic response of the system is used. pid controller design is an inevitable problem in setting the coefficients need to try a lot of trial and error,...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and angiotensin II (ANG II) are distinct peptide hormones involved in multiple organs modulating renal, cardiovascular, and brain functions. They achieve these functions via specific G protein-coupled receptors, respectively. The AVR/NAVR locus encodes two overlapping V2-type vasopressin isoreceptors: angiotensin-vasopressin receptor (AVR) responding to ANG II and AVP...