Elliptic curve cryptosystems, proposed by Koblitz([8]) and Miller([11]), can be constructed over a smaller definition field than the ElGamal cryptosystems([5]) or the RSA cryptosystems([16]). This is why elliptic curve cryptosystems have begun to attract notice. There are mainly two types in elliptic curve cryptosystems, elliptic curves E over IF2r and E over IFp. Some current systems based on ...

The monotone circuit problem Q MC is shown to be complete for xed point logic IFP under quantiier free reductions. Enhancing the circuits with an oracle Q leads to a problem complete for IFP(Q). By contrast, if L is any extension of FO with generalized quantiiers, one can always nd a Q such that IFP(Q) is not contained in L(Q). For L = FO(Q MC), we have L IFP but L(Q) < IFP(Q). The adjunction o...

Many solid tumors exhibit elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This elevated pressure within the core of the tumor results in outward flow of interstitial fluid to the tumor periphery. We previously found that the directionality of IFP gradients modulates collective invasion from the surface of patterned three-dimensional (3D) aggregates of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Here, we ...

Elevated tumor interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is partly responsible for the poor penetration and distribution of therapeutic agents in solid tumors. The etiology of tumor interstitial hypertension is poorly understood. We have postulated that the solid stress generated by tumor cells growing in a confined space compresses blood vessels and increases tumor microvascular pressure and IFP. To t...

PURPOSE Interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is highly elevated in many solid tumors. High IFP has been associated with low radiocurability and high metastatic frequency in human melanoma xenografts and with poor survival after radiation therapy in cervical cancer patients. Abnormalities in tumor vascular networks have been identified as an important cause of elevated tumor IFP. The aim of this st...

REAVES, TROY ALBERT, WILLIAM C. HARTNER, AND JAMES EDWARD HEATH. Interstitial jluid pressure and vasomotor responses in bats. Am. J. Physiol. 226(Z) : 353-356. 1974.-Using the cottonwick technique, control values of interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) averaged 6.1 cmHz0 in Eptesicus fuscus and 12.0 cmHe0 in Myotis Zucifu~us. Maintenance of a near-normal body temperature (Tb) stabilized the IFP. D...

BACKGROUND Real time non-invasive determination of stroke volume (SV) is important to astronaut orthostatic testing. We compared simultaneous estimates of SV calculated from peripheral pulse waveforms with a more conventional non-invasive technique. METHODS Ten men and nine women completed 12-min protocols. The relative change (% delta) in beat-to-beat SV was estimated non-invasively from cha...

The influenza virus fusion peptide (IFP) is the N-terminal domain of the viral hemagglutinin protein, binds to the endosomal membrane, and plays a critical role in fusion between the viral and endosomal membranes which is a primary step in infection. The IFP is also an important system for testing simulation methods for membrane-associated peptides. In detergent, the IFP forms helix-turn-helix ...

A transformation-sensitive membrane glycoprotein with a subunit molecular weight of 170,000 (170K), a M, = 56,000 protein identified as an “intermediate filament forming protein” (IFP) of hamster embryo fibroblasts, and possible interaction of these two components are described. The 170K glycoprotein has been characterized as follows: 1) weak surface labeling by either lactoperoxidase-catalyzed...

In this letter, we address the distributed optimization problem with event-triggered communication by notion of input feedforward passivity (IFP). First, analyze continuous-time algorithm over uniformly jointly strongly connected balanced digraphs in an IFP-based framework. Then, propose a mechanism for algorithm. Next, discretize forward Euler method constant stepsize irrelevant to network siz...