Possible future changes of North Atlantic hurricane intensity and the attribution of past hurricane intensity changes in the historical period are investigated using phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), multimodel, multiensemble simulations. For this purpose, the potential intensity (PI), the theoretical upper limit of the tropical cyclone intensity given the large-scal...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Superimposed on the continued increase in the atmospheric CO 2 concentration is a prominent seasonal cycle. Ground-based and aircraft-based observation records show that the amplitude of this seasonal cycle has increase...

The El Ni~ no–La Ni~ na asymmetry is evaluated in 14 coupled models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The results show that an underestimate of ENSO asymmetry, a common problem noted in CMIP3 models, remains a common problem in CMIP5 coupled models. The weaker ENSO asymmetry in the models primarily results from a weaker SST warm anomaly over the eastern Pacific ...

[1] Seventeen coupled general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) are analyzed to assess the dynamics and variability of the North Pacific Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC). Consistent with observations, the STCC is anchored by mode water to the north. For the present climate, the STCC tends to be stronger in models than in observations because of t...

This paper addresses the specter of a September ice-free Arctic in the 21st century using newly available simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). We find that large spread in the projected timing of the September ice-free Arctic in 30 CMIP5 models is associated at least as much with different atmospheric model components as with initial conditions. Here we re...

[1] Winter and summer Mediterranean precipitation climatology and trends since 1950 as simulated by the newest generation of global climate models, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5), are evaluated with respect to observations and the previous generation of models (CMIP3) used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. Observed precipitatio...

هدف: کارآفرینی یکی از عوامل کلیدی در توسعه اقتصادی و شاخص اساسی جوامع روبه‌رشد است. آنچه که کارآفرین را به آغاز فعالیت ترغیب می‌کند، انگیزه فرایند تبدیل یک فرد عادی است می‌تواند فرصت‌هایی ایجاد کند حداکثر رساندن ثروت کمک کند. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی طبقه‌بندی انگیزه‌های کارآفرینان می­باشد.طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: با رویکرد مرور نظام­مند استفاده ماتریس شش سلولی دو مؤلفه جهت (کشش یا فشار) منبع (اق...

هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسۀ واکنش ­پذیری هیجانی و نظریه ذهن کودکان بر اساس سبک ­های ابرازگری مادرانشان بود. روش: روش توصیفی نوع علّی-مقایسه­ ای بود در دو گام به صورت آنلاین انجام رسید. ابتدا با استفاده نمونه ­گیری دسترس، تعداد 105 نفر مادرانی که نمرات آن­ها هر یک پرسشنامه کینگ امونز (1990)، دوسوگرایی (1990) کنترل راجر نشوور (1987) انحراف استاندارد بالاتر میانگین دست آمد (در گروه 35 نفر) دوم وا...

[1] We utilize energy budget diagnostics from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) to evaluate the models’ climate forcing since preindustrial times employing an established regression technique. The climate forcing evaluated this way, termed the adjusted forcing (AF), includes a rapid adjustment term associated with cloud changes and other tropospheric and land-surface cha...

This study investigates projected changes in the length of the tropical cyclone season due to greenhouse gas increases. Two sets of simulations are analyzed, both of which capture the relevant features of the observed annual cycle of tropical cyclones in the recent historical record. Both sets use output from the general circulation models (GCMs) of either phase 3 or phase 5 of the CMIP suite (...