We study the cyclical behavior of fiscal policy to explain why some countries exhibit pro-cyclical fiscal policy stances–being expansionary in good times and contractionary in bad times. We develop a model that links the polarization of preferences over fiscal spending to the pro-cyclicality bias. We then present evidence that social polarization as measured by income inequality and educational...

Within the non-stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model framework this paper examines the implications of alternative fiscal consolidation programs for small open economy. The calibrated model enables realistically quantify the impact of the deficit financing and fiscal consolidation on consumption and saving of households, investment of firms and thereby on the capital stock and real inter...

Previous analyses of population aging mainly focused on the social security implications of the aging trend. This paper addresses aging in an open economy framework with two regions that have politically responsive fiscal policy regarding education finance. Demographic shocks start an economic growth process but results are sensitive to a critical parameter in the model that indicates return to...

Within a …eld experiment, I present a treatment group with reductions in information, administrative, stigma and procrastination costs associated with the Advance EITC. The treatment only increases Advance participation from 0.3 to 1.2 percent. Another treatment simultaneously encourages 401(k) savings, increasing 401(k) participation from 46 to 50 percent. However, there is no additional incre...

The role of government expenditure is analyzed in the context of growing economy with endogenous labor supply and with investment adjustment costs. Assuming the dynasty model of representative consumer’s utility maximization i.e., the present value of over time felicity function maximization under the law of motion capital where felicity function depends consumption, leisure and government expe...

We investigate the dynamic general equilibrium effects of introducing a social assistance program to elderly informal sector workers in developing countries. We find that the extension of such “retirement benefits” in environments with lacking private sector risksharing mechanisms results in welfare increases and relatively minor efficiency losses. Our results suggest that welfare gains attribu...

سنجنده‌های دوقلوی MSI سنتینل‌-2، از لحاظ توان تفکیک مکانی، شباهت بسیاری به سنجندة OLI لندست 8 دارند که آژانس فضایی اروپا، با هدف افزایش داده‌های ادامه‌دار برای پایش سطح زمین، آنها را فضا پرتاب کرد. در این مطالعه، قابلیت داده‌ها واحدهای سنگی و دگرسانی، محدودة کانسار فسفات اسفوردی، ارزیابی تلفیق‌شده، مقایسه شد. بارزکردن منطقه، روش بسط عدم همبستگی استفاده به‌منظور مقایسه‌های آماری، اجرای ماشین برد...