Nucleic acid ligands, aptamers, harbor the unique characteristics of small molecules and antibodies. The specificity and high affinity of aptamers enable their binding to different targets, such as small molecules, proteins, or cells. Chemical modifications of aptamers allow increased bioavailability. A further great benefit of aptamers is the antidote (AD)-mediated controllability of their eff...

We study the behavior of matrix string theory in the strong coupling region, where it is expected to reduce to discrete light-cone type IIA superstring. In the large N limit, the reduction corresponds to the double-dimensional reduction from wrapped supermembranes on R10× S1 to type IIA superstrings on R10 in the light-cone gauge, which is shown classically, however it is not obvious quantum me...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of generic atorvastatin 20 mg (A20), branded rosuvastatin 10 mg (R10), generic simvastatin 40 mg (S40) and the combination of generic S40 + branded ezetimibe 10 mg (S40 + EZ10) for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Finnish patients not meeting the target goal of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with S40. RESEARC...

Immobilization produces morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations in skeletal muscle leading to muscle atrophy and long periods of recovery. Muscle atrophy during disuse results from an imbalance between protein synthesis and proteolysis but also between apoptosis and regeneration processes. This work aimed to characterize the mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy and recovery fo...

In HetNets, time/frequency resources should be partitioned intelligently in order to minimize the interference among the users. In this paper, the probability distributions of per user downlink Data Rate, Spectral Efficiency (SE) and Energy Efficiency (EE) are analytically derived for a HetNet model with cell-edge located small cells. The high accuracy of analytically derived CDFs have been ver...

We propose to determine the absolute magnitude of the end of the white dwarf cooling sequence in the nearest globular clusters. Cooling models of white dwarfs predict ∼ 1 mag difference between an age of 10 and 15 Gyr. The end of the disk cooling sequence is known to occur at Mbol = +17; in the nearest globular clusters, this would be at H=30-31, reachable in a 30 hour exposure. Since the faint...