Both chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences highly confirmed the monophyly of the tribes of the Gentianaceae defined by the recent classification, and revealed the tribe Exaceae as a basal clade just next to the basal-most lineage, the tribe Saccifolieae. Within the tribe Exaceae, Sebaea (except Sebaea madagascariensis) appeared as the most basal clade as the sister g...

The Triticeae is an economically important tribe within the Poaceae. Because a number of cereal crops and forage grasses belong to the tribe it has attracted much scientific attention covering many species: taxonomy, phylogeny, genetics, cytogenetic, genome analyses (crossing ability and chromosome pairing), isoenzymes, molecular biology (RFLP, RAPD, PCR sequencing) and breeding. This paper con...

The population genetic studies on a small sub-tribe of 50 strictly endogamous individuals, i.e., Setharani (tribe Noohani) settled in southern Sindh (Pakistan) suggest a typical allelic frequencies of Rh (D=1.0, d = 0.0) and ABO (A = 0.58, B = 0.05, O = 0.40). This frequency is different from main Noohani tribe, settled in the northern Sindh and other populations of Sindh. The blood groups appe...

Result: Of the 654 subjects tested, 368 (56.2%) were of blood group O, 139 (21.3%) were blood group B, while 116 (17.7%) and 31 (4.7%) were group A and AB respectively. 577 (88.32%) were Rhesus D positive while 77 (11.79%) were Rhesus D negative. When comparing ABO blood group distribution among tribes, O blood group was higher among the Kilba tribe (4.74%) at P<0.05 compare to other tribes. Bu...

As Sir Rupert Smith emphasizes we are facing a paradigm change. Most of current conflicts are fought “amongst population”, war as an armed struggle between Nation-States is fading. Thus the ability to understand the human terrain becomes a key factor towards stabilization of a given country. How to take into account this critical change in a defence transformation endeavour ? Our paper will str...

Three species of rove beetles (subfamily Aleocharinae) were collected from colonies of Aenictus hodgsoni Forel, 1901 in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. They are classified into three genera, including two new genera, and described herein as: Aenictobia siamensis Maruyama, sp. n. (tribe Aenictoteratini), Aenictosymbia cornuta Maruyama, gen. & sp. n. (tribe Lomechusini) and Aenictoxenides mirab...

This paper based on the metaphor of specialization and cooperation in steppe tribes of the human society, tribe glowworm swarm optimization (TGSO) algorithm was presented to solve the problem of low precision and easy to fall into local optimization of the glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) algorithm. In the proposed tribe glowworm swarm optimization approach, all glowworms are divided into a ce...

Let K be an effective field of characteristic zero. An effective tribe is a subset of K[[z1, z2, ...]] =K ∪K[[z1]] ∪K[[z1, z2]] ∪ ··· which is effectively stable under the Kalgebra operations, restricted division, composition, the implicit function theorem, as well as restricted monomial transformations with arbitrary rational exponents. Given an effective tribe with an effective zero test, we ...